Vector Outcome Ref VLP - Recombinant porcine parvovirus encoding LCMV-NP - Strong CTL responses without a need for adjuvant, the CTL activity persisted in vivo for 8 months
[65 ] - Complete protection against lethal LCMV infection VLP - HIV-p55gag-VLP - Without adjuvant, long lived CTL responses against multiple HIV-1 p55gag epitopes were detected [70 ] VLP - Papaya mosaic VLP (LCMV-GP33) - Immunized mice develop GP33-specific CTLs, which rapidly expanded post-LCMV challenge and enhanced the protection against LCMV infection in dose-dependent manner [67 ] VLP - HBV-VLP (LCMV-GP33) - TAP-deficient DC and macrophages mediated cross-presentation of GP33 in vivo and in vitro [69 ] VLP- VSV encoding HPV-16 E7protein - anti-E7 CD8+ T-cell response which conferred protection against E7 expressing tumor cells [74 ] Microsphere - Co-injected PPV-VLP - Results in the priming of potent CTL responses in CD4 and CD40-independent manner
[80 ] - Protective CTL against the OVA-bearing melanoma Microsphere - PLGA-MSs - Vaccination enhanced CTL responses when OVA was coencapsulated with CpG or polyI:C
[84 ] - Single immunization with coencapsulated MS-OVA-CpG induced efficient CTLs and protected against infection with OVA-expressing vaccinia virus - Clonal expansion of primary and secondary antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells
[60 ] - Potency demonstrated by protective immune responses to either infection or tumors Liposomes -liposome-Ag-nucleic acid complexes (LANAC) - TLR3 or TLR9 were able to enhance CTL cross-priming independent of CD4+ T-cell help
[56 ] - Antigen-specific CD8+ T cells were functionally active and persisted for long periods in tissues - Effective immunity against B16 tumors and M. tuberculosis Archaeosome (M. smithii) - Encoding OVA - Single injection evoked profound primary CTL response
[85 ] - Recall response observed >300 days - Protective CD8+ T cells induced in TLR2-deficient mice - Resisted tumor growth of B16OVA melanoma cells
[92 ] - Enhanced CTL responses in the absence of IL-12 and IFN-
𝛾
- CTL activity was undetectable in perforin-deficient mice
[93 ] - Long-term responses in CD4+ T cell deficient mice - Potent memory CTL response to OVA lasting for
≥
154 days