Genetic Risk for Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Humans: A Systematic Review

Table 2

Comparison of the genotype frequencies for each polymorphism studied in patients with recurrent urinary tract infection and in controls. (CXCR: IL-8 receptor; HSPA1B: Heat shock protein 72; NS: not significant; PS: pyelonephritis; TGF: Transforming growth factor; TIRAP: TIR domain-containing adapter protein; TLR: Toll-like receptor; UTM: urinary tract malformations; VEGF: Vascular endothelial growth factor).

Gene	Polymorphisms	Urological condition also included (infection type)	Patients/controls (N/N)	Risk allele	OR (95% CI)	P value	References
HSPA1B	1267A>G	VUR	103/235	1267G	3.37 (1.04 –10.93)	.036	[17]
CXCR1	217C>G	VUR, (Pyelonephritis)	60/226	217G	—	.0007	[18]
	2608G>C	VUR, (Pyelonephritis)	60/226	2608C	—	<.001
TLR1	1805G>T	UTM, (Pyelonephritis)	281/286	1805G	0.53 (0.29–0.96)	.035	[21]
		UTM, (Recurrent cystitis)	303/286	—	0.73 (0.46–1.17)	NS
TLR2	2258G>A	—	124/116	2258A	3.14 (1.53–6.44)	.001	[22]
		UTM, (Pyelonephritis)	329/316	—	0.93 (0.48–1.81)	NS	[21]
		UTM, (Recurrent cystitis)	337/316	—	0.83 (0.42–1.63)	NS
TLR4	896A>G	UTM, (Pyelonephritis)	318/313	—	1.10 (0.69–1.75)	NS	[21]
		UTM, (Recurrent cystitis)	334/313	896A	0.54 (0.32–0.93)	.025
		VUR	103/235	896G	2.19 (1.05– 4.57)	.034	[17]
		—	53/235	—	0.33 (0.10–1.12)	.067
	1196C>T	UTM, (Pyelonephritis)	320/316	—	1.10 (0.69–1.75)	NS	[21]
		UTM, (Recurrent cystitis)	338/316	1196C	0.59 (0.35–0.998)	.049
TRIF	9T>9	VUR	12/11	—	—	NS	[23]
TLR5	1174C>T	UTM, (Pyelonephritis)	320/315	—	1.17 (0.17–2.09)	NS	[21]
		UTM, (Recurrent cystitis)	337/315	1174T	1.81 (1.00–3.08)	.030
TIRAP	539C>T	UTM, (Pyelonephritis)	318/314	—	0.86 (0.61–1.23)	NS	[21]
		UTM, (Recurrent cystitis)	338/314	—	0.88 (0.62–1.24)	NS
	558C>T	UTM, (Pyelonephritis)	317/313	—	1.06 (0.77, 1.46)	NS
		UTM, (Recurrent cystitis)	329/313	—	1.30 (0.95, 1.78)	NS
VEGF	460T>C	VUR	63/71	460C	—	<.05	[24]
		—	18/71	—		NS
	405G>C	VUR	71/82	—	—	NS
		—	19/82	—		NS
TGF-𝛽1	-509C>T	VUR	78/80	-509C	—	<.05	[24]
		—	21/80	—		NS
	-800G>A	VUR	79/89	-800G	—	<.05
		—	22/89	—		NS
	869T>C	VUR	77/85	—	—	NS
		—	20/85	—		NS