Review Article

A New Method for the Evaluation of Vaccine Safety Based on Comprehensive Gene Expression Analysis

Table 2

Biomarkers for influenza vaccine toxicity.

CategoryAccession No.SymbolBrief description

IFN inducible geneNM_172019IFI47Mouse homolog may be a guanine nucleotide-binding protein induced by IFN-gamma
AF329825TRAFD1Putative TRAF-interacting zinc finger protein
NM_019242IFRD1May be involved in proliferation of neuronal and glial precursors

IFN inducible, immune responseNM_001033691IRF7Unknown
NM_134350MX2Involved in inhibiting vesicular stomatitis virus

Immune responseNM_172222C2Likely component of the classical pathway of the complement cascade
NM_012708PSMB9Subunit of the proteasome complex, which may play a role in protein catabolism
NM_032056TAP2 Transports peptides into the ER lumen for binding with MHC class I molecules; plays a role in antigen processing and presentation
NM_033098TAPBPFacilitates the binding of MHC class I molecules to the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) in MHC class I assembly
NM_017264PSME1May play a role in proteasome activation

Chemokine and Cytokine functionAF065438LGALS3BPDisplays differential expression in a fibroblast cell line transformed by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax protein
NM_012977LGALS9A highly selective urate transporter/channel
NM_053819TIMP1Acts as an inhibitor of metalloprotease activity; may play a role in vascular tissue remodeling
NM_023981CSF1 Plays a role in macrophage formation
NM_145672CXCL9Chemokine which plays a role in the recruitment of mononuclear cells and in allograft rejection
XM_223236CXCL11Mouse homolog is a chemokine and is involved in the immune response

Transcription activityAJ302054ZBP1DNA binding protein; thought to bind Z-DNA, which is largely controlled by the amount of supercoiling