Beyond Histone and Deacetylase: An Overview of Cytoplasmic Histone Deacetylases and Their Nonhistone Substrates

Table 1

Subcellular localization and functions of nonhistone substrates of HDAC3.

Substrates	Localization of substrates	Functions	Comments
MEF2	Nucleus	Repression of MyoD promoter	HDAC3 is the only Class I; HDAC that regulates MEF2 activity
SRY	Nucleus	Nuclear export	Deacetylation leads to cytoplasmic delocalization; Cytoplasmic translocation promotes apoptosis
PCAF	Nucleus	Cytoplasmic retention	Functional interplay between PCAF and HDAC3
STAT1	Cytoplasm	Prevention of STAT1 phosphorylation
STAT3	Cytoplasm	Prevention of dimerization
NF-𝜅B	Cytoplasm or nucleus	Cytoplasmic retention or activation of p65 in the nucleus	Functions are dependent on the acetylation lysines