Biology of Obesity: Lessons from Animal Models of Obesity

Table 1

Different phenotypes of inbred mouse strains with diet- or genetically induced obesity (summary of references [50, 74, 75]).

Strain	Characteristics	Crossed with obese mice, and so forth
C57BL/6J	High-fat diet-induced diabetes and obesity [119]	Lep^ob/ob mice exhibit obesity but not diabetes [120]
C57BLKS/J	High-fat diet-induced diabetes and obesity weaker than C57BL/6J [49]	Lep^ob/ob mice exhibit obesity with severe diabetes [120]
DBA/2	More glucose tolerance than C57BL/6 on a high-fat diet [121]	Lep^ob/ob mice exhibit obesity with severe diabetes [122]
129sv	Low insulin; more glucose tolerance than other strains on a high-fat diet [123]	Homozygous for db allele db^3J mice display mild/transient hyperglycemia with marked hyperinsulinemia and develop hypoglycemia leading to sudden death [124]
BTBR	Abdominal obesity with peripheral, but not hepatic insulin resistance [125]	Lep^ob/ob mice exhibit obesity with severe diabetes [126]
A/J	Low glucose level even on a high-fat diet; obesity and diabetes-resistant [119, 127, 128]	Not reported
BALB/c	Similar to A/J; glucose tolerance [121]	Lep^ob/ob mice exhibit reduced adiposity and increased thermogenesis and are fertile [129]
C3H	High glucose tolerance with robust insulin secretion [121]	Not reported
AKR	Sensitive to diet-induced obesity with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance [48]	Not reported
CAST/Ei	Lean at 12 weeks on a high-fat diet [130]	Not reported
Nonobese Diabetic	45% fat diet-induced transient hyperglycemia with severe obesity [75]	Not reported
New Zealand Obese	Resemble metabolic syndrome in humans; high-fat diet-induced obesity and hyperglycemia [24, 25]	Not reported
FVB	High glucose levels with lower levels of insulin on normal chow [75]	Lepr^db/db mice display insulin resistance, severe hyperglycemia, and marked hyperinsulinemia compared to C57BL/6 [131]
Kuo Kondo	Obesity; hyperleptinemia; increased glucose and HbA1c; hyperinsulinemia similar to C57BLKS/J Lepr^db/db mice [30]	A^y mutation in agouti results in frank diabetes with nephropathy [34]
TallyHo	Natural model of obesity with type 2 diabetes [132]	Not reported
Nagoya-Shibata-Yasuda	Exhibit obesity; all males and 1/3 of females exhibit glucose intolerance [133]	Not reported
ALS/Lt	Sensitive to alloxan-induced diabetes [134]	Introduction of A^y mutation induces diabetes in 100% of males and 60% of females at 24 weeks of age [135]
M16	Increased body weight, fat and food intake; both males and females develop hyperinsulinemia; only males develop moderate hyperglycemia [29]	Not reported
LG and SM	High-fat diet-stimulated body weight gain and increased plasma glucose more in SM than LG mice [136]	Not reported
Tsumura, Suzuki, Obese Diabetes	Obesity and moderate diabetes [26, 27]	Not reported
Akita	Mutation in insulin 2 gene; nonobese [137]	Not reported