BioMed Research International / 2011 / Article / Tab 2 / Review Article
Morphological and Molecular Alterations in 1,2 Dimethylhydrazine and Azoxymethane Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats Table 2 Frequencies of gene mutations found in biomarkers and different stages of colon carcinogenesis in the DMH/AOM rat model.
Gene ACF/MDF (n ) Histologic diagnosis (n ) Tumours (n ) Adenomas (n ) Carcinomas (n ) Carcinogen Ref. Apc 0% ACF (66) — 14.3% (27) (17) (10) AOM [58 ] — 22.2% dysplasia (18) — — — DMH [59 ] 15.4% AC (13) — — 8.8% (57) — — DMH [60 ] 0% ACF (24) — 30.4% (23) 33.3% (12), 27.3% (11) DMH [48 ] 25% MDF (24) β -catenin— — — — 75% (8) AOM [63 ] 15.4% ACF (13) 0% hyperplasia (10) 68.8% (32) 33% (6) 77% (26) AOM [62 ] 66% dysplasia (3) 20% ACF (15) 67% BCAC (15) — — — AOM [35 ] — — 32.4% (68) — — AOM [68 ] — — 37% (119) — — DMH [60 ] 7% ACF (27) — 40% (15) — — DMH [46 ] 25% MDF (28) K-ras — — — — 66% (44) DMH [69 ] 32% ACF (19) — — — AC? AOM [70 ] 7.4% ACF (27) — 22% (50) 4.3% (23), 37% (27) AOM [65 ] — — — — 60% DMHAOM [66 ] 53.8% ACF (13) 70% hyperplasia (10) 25% (28) 0% (2) small 8% (12) small AOM [77 ] 0% dysplasia (3) 43% (14) large — — 16.7% (30) 9% (22) 37.5% (8) AOM [67 ] — — 58% (43) 60% (10) 58% (33) DMH [78 ] — — 16.7% (84) — — AOM [68 ] 27% ACF (6/22) — — — — AOM [79 ] 100% ACF (14) — 5.5% (18) 11% (9) small 0% (9) small DMH [47 ] 23% MDF (13) P53 — — — — 0% (20) AOM [73 ] — — — — 0% (10) MAM [72 ] — 0% (31) — — — DMH [59 ]
Number in parenthesis denotes the total number of colon lesions analyzed. MSI, microsatellite instability; ACF, aberrant crypt foci; MDF, mucin depleted foci; BCAC, β -catenin accumulated crypts; AC, adenocarcinoma in situ; —: not reported.