Proteomics in Molecular Diagnosis: Typing of Amyloidosis

Table 1

Common types of amyloidosis and treatment options [9, 64].

Amyloid protein^1	Precursor	Systemic (S) or localized (L)	Organ involvement	Aetiology	Treatment options
AL	Immunoglobulin kappa or lambda light chain	S, L	Cardiac, renal, hepatic, PNS, and soft tissues	Primary or myeloma associated	Chemotherapy, stem cell transplant
ATTR	Transthyretin	S	Cardiac, PNS, GIT, CTS	Hereditary	Liver transplant
ATTR	Transthyretin	S	Cardiac, CTS	Senile	Supportive care
AA	(Apo)serum amyloid A	S	Renal	Secondary to chronic inflammation	Control inflammation

¹Recommended amyloid protein nomenclature includes prefix A [3]. PNS: peripheral nervous system; GIT: gastrointestinal tract; CTS: carpal tunnel syndrome.