Manipulating Protein Acetylation in Breast Cancer: A Promising Approach in Combination with Hormonal Therapies?

Figure 1

HDAC and estrogen signaling. HDACs are involved in estrogen-genomic mechanisms mediated in part through estrogen response element (ERE) targeting. ERα and numerous transcriptional coregulators (TCR) are acetylated proteins (acetyl mark is represented by a red circle) which are substrates for HDAC. By removing acetyl marks, HDAC regulate the transcriptional activity of ERα. HDACs also regulate the expression of ERα at the transcriptional level, in part through the control of MEF2 activity. They also modulate the level of ERα mRNA by a mechanism which might involve miRNA expression. Finally, HDACs also regulate ERα stability, and one mechanism appears to involve Hsp90 acetylation.