|
| Study details | Patient details | Intervention | Outcome |
| Reference | Study design1 | Setting | No. of patients/
comparators2 | Age range | Concurrent conditions/
treatments | Plant/
substance | Route3 | Duration4 | Dose | Adverse events | Outcome5 | Causality6 |
|
| Safety trials Shapiro et al. 2006 [18] | RCT | Hospital | 9/3 | 28–57 yrs | Healthy | Broccoli sprout extract | Oral | 7 days | 3 doses a day, 25 μmol glucosinolate 100 μmol glucosinolate, or 25 μmol isothiocyanate | No adverse events | NA | NA |
|
| Figueroa et al. 2005 [19] | CCT | Hospital | 38/38 | 3–39 yrs | Reported mustard allergy. Atopy and allergies to a variety of other allergens | Mustard and a variety of other allergens | Oral | Acute exposure | Oral: increasing doses of mustard (80–6480 mg) | 14 showed positive mustard challenge (12 had oral allergy syndrome, 1 had more severe angioedema with bronchial asthma, and 1 had anaphylaxis) | Resolved after symptomatic treatment | Possibly |
|
| Pantuck et al. 1979 [20] | SCED | Multisite hospital and homes | 10 | 21–32 yrs | Healthy | Cabbage and Brussels sprouts | Oral | 7 days | 200 g/d cabbage and 300 g/d Brusselss sprouts | All showed accelerated phenacetin metabolism | Resolved after diet was discontinued | Likely |
|
| Pantuck et al. 1984 [21] | SCED | Multisite hospital and homes | 10 | 23–35 yrs | Healthy | Cabbage and Brusselss sprouts | Oral | 10 days | 200 g/d cabbage and 300 g/d Brusselss sprouts | All showed accelerated acetaminophen metabolism, enhanced glucuronide conjugation | Resolved after diet was discontinued | Likely |
|
| Ovesen et al. 1988 [22] | SCED | Multi-site hospital and homes | 10 | 22–40 yrs | Healthy | Brusselss sprouts, lightly steamed | Oral | 2 weeks | 400 g/d | All showed accelerated warfarin metabolism | Resolved after diet was discontinued | Likely |
|
| Vovolis et al. 2009 [23] | SCED | Hospital | 6 | 20–38 yrs | Recurrent allergic reactions after consuming cabbage. Atopy | Cabbage (raw versus cooked) and a variety of other allergens | Oral and topical allergy tests | Acute exposure | NA | All showed positive skin prick tests and IgE tests to raw cabbage; positive skin prick tests to a variety of allergens | NA | Possibly |
|
| Nonsafety trials Rosen et al. 1998 [24] | CCT | Hospital | 18 | 2.5–61 yrs | Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis | Indole-3-carbinol supplement | Oral | 9–24 months | 200 mg twice a day for adults; for kids based on weight | Imbalance and tremor in one adult who was given twice the original dose by the researchers and unsteadiness with nausea in two pediatric patient at who by mistake took higher doses | Full resolution: in adult after returning to original dose. In pediatric cases spontaneously | Possibly |
|
| Kensler et al. 2005 [25] | RCT | Community | 100/100 | 25–65 yrs | Healthy | Broccoli sprout infusion | Oral | 12 days | Not specified | No adverse events | NA | NA |
|
| Singh et al. 1997 [26] | RCT | Multisite hospital and homes | 120/118 | Mean: 48 yrs | Acute myocardial infarction | Mustard oil | Oral | 1 year | 20 g/d | No adverse events | NA | NA |
|
| Jood et al. 2001 [27] | CCT | Community | 33/33 | 10–12 yrs | Nutritional deficits: low serum hemoglobin and retinol | Cauliflower leaves powder, in biscuits, or shakarpara | Oral | 4 months | Not specified | No adverse events | NA | NA |
|
| Rosen and Bryson 2004 [28] | CCT | Multi-site hospital and homes | 33 | 5–71 yrs | Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis | Indole-3-carbinol supplement | Oral | 10–86 months | 200 mg twice a day for adults; pediatric dosage was determined by weight | No adverse events | NA | NA |
|
| Riedl et al. 2009 [29] | CCT | Single site | 59/5 | >18 yrs | Healthy | Broccoli sprout homogenate | Oral | 3 days (once per day) | 25–200 g broccoli per ingestion | No adverse events | NA | NA |
|
| Dinkova- Kostova et al. 2007 [30] | SCED | Single site | 17 | 25–51 yrs | Healthy | Broccoli sprouts extract with daikon myrosinase, dissolved in 80% acetone and 20% water | Topical | Applied twice | Up to 40 nmol | No adverse events | NA | NA |
|
