Research Article

Enzymatic Synthesis of Ampicillin: Nonlinear Modeling, Kinetics Estimation, and Adaptive Control

Figure 6

Simulation resultsβ€”adaptive control law (noisy measurements). Panel (a) shows the profile of the output 𝑦 = 𝑃 2 (ampicillin concentration) versus the reference 𝑦 βˆ— = 𝑃 βˆ— 2 , in the adaptive case, when noisy measurements of 𝑆 1 and 𝑆 2 are used in both estimation and control algorithms. Panels (b), (c), and (d) present the profiles of specific reaction rates πœ‡ 1 , πœ‡ 2 , and πœ‡ 3 together with their estimates  πœ‡ 1 ,  πœ‡ 2 and  πœ‡ 3 , respectively, in the case of noisy measurements.
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(a)
512691.fig.006b
(b)
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(c)
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(d)