Table 2: Apoptosis (percentage of cells) of HCT-116 colon cancer cells treated with deoxyelephantopin as determined by microscopic morphological observation, stained with acridine orange and ethidium bromide.
Con.of deoxy elephantopin (μg/mL)Treatment time (24 h)Treatment time (48 h)
Percentage of cellsx (%)Percentage of cellsx (%)
Viable cellsNon-viable cellsViable cellsNon-viable cells
ApoptoticNecroticApoptoticNecrotic
0 (control) 9 7 ± 4 . 4 − − − 3 ± 0 . 2 5 9 6 ± 4 . 6 2 ± 0 . 1 5 1 ± 0 . 1 0
1 5 9 ± 4 . 3 3 2 8 ± 2 . 1 1 1 3 ± 0 . 8 7 5 5 ± 2 . 7 9 3 1 ± 2 . 1 1 4 ± 0 . 9 7
3 3 0 ± 1 . 6 3 9 ± 2 . 6 ∗ ∗ ∗ 3 1 ± 2 . 7 9 2 2 ± 1 . 5 2 4 2 ± 2 . 5 ∗ ∗ ∗ 3 6 ± 1 . 9 8
6 2 0 ± 1 . 5 1 3 2 ± 2 . 4 1 4 8 ± 3 . 2 5 1 8 ± 1 . 2 4 3 0 ± 1 . 9 5 2 ± 3 . 5 9
8 1 3 ± 0 . 3 5 6 ± 0 . 4 4 8 1 ± 4 . 1 1 1 2 ± 0 . 8 1 4 ± 0 . 2 8 8 4 ± 4 . 2 7
10 9 ± 0 . 6 0 7 ± 0 . 4 7 8 4 ± 5 . 8 ∗ ∗ ∗ 9 ± 0 . 4 6 4 ± 0 . 2 6 8 7 ± 5 . 5
xcells (viable + nonviable) = 100%, *** 𝑃 < 0 . 0 0 1 compared to control.