1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Inhibits the RANKL Pathway and Impacts on the Production of Pathway-Associated Cytokines in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis

Table 2

The effect of Anti-CD3/CD28 induced the increases of inflammation-related cytokines in the PBMCs of RA and healthy control group.

	RANKL; (pmol/L)	OPG; (pmol/L)	RANKL/OPG	TNF-α; (pg/mL)	IL-17; (pg/mL)	IL-6; (pg/mL)	IL-4; (pg/mL)
RA patient
Vehicle control	85.39 ± 5.54	0.53 ± 0.13	171.10 ± 49.11	12.55 ± 5.32	46.23 ± 13.03	2884.35 ± 1389.03	4.53 ± 1.37
Anti-CD3/CD28	100.72 ± 11.98	0.57 ± 0.15	190.24 ± 51.25	508.52 ± 90.94	606.76 ± 49.79	7939.02 ± 2108.85	9.46 ± 4.15
Healthy control
Vehicle control	67.22 ± 11.14	0.61 ± 0.18	127.18 ± 14.07	6.68 ± 0.55	25.48 ± 3.78	152.87 ± 304.38	5.02 ± 2.53
Anti-CD3/CD28	83.09 ± 12.17	0.61 ± 0.07	136.23 ± 13.42	195.95 ± 52.83	249.87 ± 17.63	2607.90 ± 232.98	9.77 ± 4.43

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.