|
Authors | Sample (criteria) | Treatments | Measure | Variables |
|
Szabadi et al. 1976 [28] | Depressed = 4 (NS) Controls = 4 | Amitriptyline | Automatic speech HDRS | Speech pause time Phonation time |
Greden et al. 1981 [29] | MDD = 36 (RDC) 24 UP/12 BP Controls = 19 | NS | Automatic speech HDRS | Speech pause time Phonation time |
Hardy et al. 1984 [22] | MDD = 16 (DSM III) | Clomipramine Mianserin ECT | Automatic speech HDRS SRRS | Speech pause time Phonation time |
Hoffmann et al. 1985 [23] | MDD = 22 (RDC) 12 UP/10 BP Controls = 15 | Drug-free | Automatic speech SRRS DST/REM | Speech pause time Phonation time Cortisol levels REM latency |
Nilsonne 1987 [30] | MEL = 8 (RDC) non-MEL = 8 | Antidepressant Neuroleptics Lithium | Automatic speech CPRS | Speech pause time Phonation time FO |
Nilsonne 1988 [31] | MEL = 21 (DSM III) non-MEL = 7 | Antidepressant Neuroleptics | Automatic speech Free speech | Speech pause time Phonation time FO 5P |
Kuny St. and Stassen 1993 [32] | MDD = 30 (ICD) Controls = 30 | Antidepressant | Automatic speech HDRS | Speak flow Prosody |
Flint et al. 1993 [33] | MDD = 30 (DSM III-R) +aged > 60 Controls = 30 Parkinsonian = 30 | Antidepressant | Automatic speech HDRS | F2 Spirantization Voice onset time |
Alpert et al. 2001 [34] | MDD = 12 (DSM III-R) +aged over 60 +HDRS ≥ 20 | Sertraline Nortriptyline | Automatic speech Free speech HDRS | Fluency and prosody at day 0 and week 12
|
Cannizzaro et al. 2004 [35] | Depressed = 7 (NS) + HDRS ≥ 17 | NS | Free speech HDRS | Speech pause time Phonation time FO |
Hergueta et al. 1996 [36] | MDD = 40 (DSM IV) Controls = 40 | Tricyclics IMAO SRRI | Gait analysis | Spatial and temporal parameters of gait |
Lemke et al. 2000 [37] | MDD = 12 (DSM IV) Controls = 16 | Amitriptyline Paroxetine Doxepin | Gait analysis | Stride length Gait velocity Double limb support |
Hausdorff et al. 2004 [38] | MDD = 32 (DSM IV) Controls = 18 | NS | Gait analysis | Stride time variability Swing time variability |
Lecrubier 2006 [39] | Depressed = 26 (NS) Controls = 18 | Antidepressant | Gait Analysis before and after treatment | Speed of propulsion of heel Stride length |
Royant-Parola et al. 1986 [26] | UP = 12 (DSM III) | Tricyclics Mianserin Benzodiazepine |
ActimetrySRRS | Level of activity Index of immobility |
Dantchev et al. 1992 [25] | MDD = 13 (DSM III-R) | Trimipramine |
ActimetrySRRS MADRS | Level of activity Index of immobility |
Raoux 1994 [24] | MDD = 26 (DSM III-R) +MADRS > 25 | Tricyclics |
ActimetrySRRS | Level of activity Index of immobility |
Volkers et al. 2003 [40] | MDD = 67 UP (DSM IV) Controls = 67 | Drug-free |
ActimetrySADS | Level of activity Fragmentation index |
Iverson 2004 [41] | MDD = 48 (DSM IV) Controls = 25 | NS |
Actimetry | Level of activity |
Lemke et al. 1997 [13] | MEL = 16 (DSM IV) | Antidepressant Benzodiazepine |
ActimetryMAACL | Level of activity
|
Lemke and Schleidt 1999 [42] | MDD = 12 (DSM IV) Controls = 30 | Amitriptyline | Video analysis of limb movements | Unit of action |
Aybek et al. 2008 [43] | MDD = 4 (DSM IV) Controls = 7 | NS | Movements of the limbs | Velocity and amplitude of the movements |
van Hoof et al. 1993 [44] | MDD = 20 (DSM III-R) Controls = 20 | Clomipramine Amitriptyline Neuroleptics | Drawing tasks SRRS | Movement time Reaction time Reinspection time |
Sabbe et al. 1996 [45] | MDD = 22 (DSM III-R) Controls = 22 | Fluoxetine Benzodiazepine Neuroleptic | Drawing tasks SRRS | Movement time Reaction time |
Sabbe et al. 1999 [46] | MDD = 30 (DSM III-R) Controls = 30 | Fluoxetine Benzodiazepine Neuroleptic | Drawing tasks | Movement time Velocity |
Pier et al. 2004 [47] | MEL = 20 (DSM IV) non-MEL = 18 Controls = 38 | Hypnotic | Drawing tasks SRRS | Movement time Reaction time Reinspection time |
Pier et al. 2004b [48] | MDD = 12 (DSM IV) +age > 65 Controls = 12 | Antidepressant Neuroleptic Mood stabilizer | Drawing tasks SRRS | Movement time Reaction time Reinspection time |
Mergl et al. 2004 [49] | MDD = 37 (ICD 10) | Antidepressant Mood stabilizer | Drawing tasks Writing tasks | Kinematic parameters |
Hoffstaedter et al. 2012 [50] | MDD = 20 (ICD 10) Controls = 20 | Antidepressant Mood stabilizer Antipsychotic | Motor tasks Combined motor and cognitive measures | Reaction time Movement time Error rates |
Schwartz et al. 1976 [51] | Depressed = 12 (NS) Controls = 12 | None | Facial EMG during the generation of affective imagery | EMG patterns |
Sweeney et al. 1998 [52] | MDD = 29 (DSM III-R) | None | Eye tracking | Latency of eye movements |
Mahlberg et al. 2001 [53] | Depressed = 32 (NS) Controls = 42 | NS | Eye tracking | Pro-saccades Predictive saccades |
Winograd-Gurvich et al. 2006 [54] | MEL = 10 (DSM IV) non-MEL = 9 | NS | Eye tracking | Latency of eye movements |
Blackburn 1975 [55] | Depressive UP and BP: 106 (NS) | NS | Nufferno speed test Gibson spiral maze | Reaction time |
Cornell et al. 1984 [56] | MEL = 14 (DSM III) non-MEL = 14 (DSM III) Controls = 14 | None | Reaction choice test | “Motor” RT “Cognitive” RT |
Smith et al. 1994 [57] | MDD = 36 (DSM III) Controls = 36 | Antidepressant | Signal detection time SRRS MADRS | False alarms Omissions |
Moffot et al. 1994 [12] | MEL = 20 (DSM III-R) Controls = 20 | Antidepressant Mood stabilizer | Tests at 8 PM and AM DSST CANTAB Strength | Reaction time Movement time |
Smith et al. 1995 [58] | MEL = 32 (DSM III-R) +MADRS > 22 Controls = 32 | Antidepressant Benzodiazepine | Modified version of the Posner test SRRS | Reaction time |
Brebion et al. 1995 [59] | MDD = 29 (DSM III-R) Controls = 26 | Antidepressant Anxiolytic | Reaction time task SRRS MADRS | Reaction time |
Brébion et al. 1997 [60] | MDD = 26 (DSM III-R) +MADRS > 20 Controls = 26 | Antidepressant Benzodiazepine | Recognition memory task SRRS | Index of response bias Index of discrimination |
Lemelin et al. 1996 [61] | MDD = 30 (DSM IV) Controls = 30 | None | Stroop test SRRS | Reaction time Interference score |
Lemelin and Baruch 1998 [62] | MDD = 30 (DSM IV) Controls = 34 | None | Stroop test SRRS | Reaction time Interference score |
Bonin-Guillaume et al. 2008 [63] | MDD = 16 (DSM IV) +GDS > 11 +age > 65 Controls = 16 | NS | Reaction time task SRRS | Reaction time |
Chen et al. 2013 [64] | MDD = 33 (DSM IV) Controls = 30 | Antidepressant
| Ego-rotation and object-rotation tasks | Reaction time Error rates |
Caligiuri and Ellwanger 2000 [65] | MDD = 36 (DSM IV) Controls = 22 | Antidepressant Neuroleptic Benzodiazepine | Wrist movements | Reaction Time Movement time |
van Hoof et al. 1998 [66] | MDD = 20 (DSM III-R) Schizophrenic = 20 | Antidepressant Neuroleptic Benzodiazepine | DSST SRRS | Observation time Writing time |
Rogers et al. 1987 [67] | MDD = 30 (RDC) Parkinson = 20 Controls 30 | Antidepressant Benzodiazepine Mood stabilizer Neuroleptic | DSST WBS | Reaction time Movement time |
Rogers et al. 2000 [68] | MEL = 12 (DSM IV) non-MEL = 12 Controls = 24 | Antidepressant Benzodiazepine Mood stabilizer | Reaction time task CORE | Reaction time |
El Massioui et al. 1996 [69] | MDD = 8 (DSM III-R) +score SRRS > 27 Controls = 9 | None | Event-related potential | Reaction time Amplitude and latency of P3, N1, and N2 |
Bange and Bathien 1998 [70] | MDD = 23 (DSM III-R) Controls = 20 | Antidepressant Mood stabilizer | Event-related potential | Reaction tme Amplitude and latency of P3, N1, and N2 |
Schrijvers et al. 2009 [71] | MDD = 26 (DSM IV) Controls = 26 | NS | EEG Drawing tasks | Error Negativity (Ne) Reaction time |
|