New Morphological Features for Grading Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas

Table 10

The statistics for nonepithelial nuclei features and the results of F-test.

Lumen features	Normal (df = 79)	Grade 1 (df = 79)	Grade 2 (df = 79)	F-tests (𝜇𝑁=𝜇𝐺1=𝜇𝐺2)
	𝑁  (C.I^a)	𝐺1  (C.I)	𝐺2  (C.I)	F-value
Area (μm^2)	3.68𝐸+01(±1.57𝐸+00)	4.09𝐸+01(±1.67𝐸+00)	3.84𝐸+01(±1.57𝐸+00)	1.13𝐸+01^∗
Perimeter (μm)	2.66𝐸+01(±6.35𝐸−01)	2.95𝐸+01(±7.09𝐸−01)	2.84𝐸+01(±6.67𝐸−01)	3.30𝐸+01^∗
Width (μm)	7.50𝐸+00(±1.85𝐸−01)	8.48𝐸+00(±2.34𝐸−01)	7.97𝐸+00(±2.18𝐸−01)	3.64𝐸+01^∗
Height (μm)	7.92𝐸+00(±2.20𝐸−01)	8.46𝐸+00(±2.57𝐸−01)	8.31𝐸+00(±2.41𝐸−01)	9.47𝐸+00^∗
MajorAxis (μm)	8.58𝐸+00(±1.76𝐸−01)	9.68𝐸+00(±1.78𝐸−01)	9.28𝐸+00(±1.83𝐸−01)	6.78𝐸+01^∗
MinorAxis (μm)	5.37𝐸+00(±1.20𝐸−01)	5.28𝐸+00(±1.35𝐸−01)	5.17𝐸+00(±1.28𝐸−01)	4.17𝐸+00
Circularity	6.67𝐸−01(±1.08𝐸−02)	6.01𝐸−01(±1.17𝐸−02)	6.10𝐸−01(±1.24𝐸−02)	6.63𝐸+01^∗
Feret’s diameter (μm)	9.63𝐸+00(±2.02𝐸−01)	1.09𝐸+01(±2.28𝐸−01)	1.04𝐸+01(±2.12𝐸−01)	5.80𝐸+01^∗
Skewness	3.35𝐸−01(±1.03𝐸−01)	4.23𝐸−01(±2.02𝐸−01)	4.00𝐸−01(±1.52𝐸−01)	5.85𝐸−01
AspectRatio	1.66𝐸+00(±3.58𝐸−02)	1.98𝐸+00(±6.07𝐸−02)	1.91𝐸+00(±5.62𝐸−02)	7.55𝐸+01^∗
Roundness	6.50𝐸−01(±1.14𝐸−02)	5.73𝐸−01(±1.25𝐸−02)	5.84𝐸−01(±1.21𝐸−02)	8.30𝐸+01^∗
Solidity	8.38𝐸−01(±4.40𝐸−03)	8.19𝐸−01(±4.58𝐸−03)	8.19𝐸−01(±4.81𝐸−03)	3.96𝐸+01^∗

C.I^a: confidence interval.
*It indicates features whose null hypothesis was rejected with F-value > 𝐹_0.01(2,237).