Levels of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, and Organochlorine Pesticides in Various Tissues of White-Backed Vulture in India
Table 3
Organochlorine residues (ng/g) detected in vultures in India.
Contaminants
Brain ()
Liver ()
Muscle ()
Lipid weight (%) 10
Lipid weight (%) 16
Lipid weight (%) 11
Mean
Range
%
Mean
Range
%
Mean
Range
%
α-HCH
6.9
ND–43.9
31
74.8*
ND–414
46
22.9
ND–282
38
β-HCH
103
ND–788
85
306
3.6–1565
100
163
3.2–1465
100
γ-HCH
5.7
ND–18.1
69
138*
ND–696
92
25.5
ND–168
77
δ-HCH
11.3
ND–43.3
15
45.6
ND–380
23
9.3
ND–76.5
38
∑HCH
128
1.9–893
100
565
3.6–3054
100
220
3.9–1991
100
p,p′-DDE
12.2
ND–68.9
77
117
4.3–599
100
86.1
ND–487
85
p,p′-DDD
8.2
ND–38.9
31
79.1
ND–217
46
85.5
ND–461
38
p,p′-DDT
3.1
ND–9.3
54
52.3
ND–263
69
12.2
ND–83.4
62
∑DDT
20.3
ND–117
92
248
4.3–1079
100
184
DBL–1031
85
Heptachlor epoxide
21.2
ND–93.5
38
150*
ND–1206
69
10.9
ND–29.9
54
Dieldrin
7.3
ND–43.1
23
23.2
ND–223
54
6.6
ND–45.6
46
∑Endosulfan
9.55
ND–56.7
15
96.1
ND–450
31
87.5
ND–384
23
∑OCPs
187
3.9–991
100
1083*
3.6–5836
100
509
3.2–2089
100
∑PCBs
359
30–1346
100
825
40–5790
100
646
46.8–4063
100
Range: (minimum–maximum), ND: below detection limit, %: percentage of sample with quantifiable level, and *: mean was significantly different from other tissues ( < 0.05).
