Merit of Anisodamine Combined with Opioid 𝛿-Receptor Activation in the Protection against Myocardial Injury during Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Table 1

Changes of indicators of heart functions.

Group

LVSP (kPa)

LVEDP (kPa)

Maximum rate of rise of; left ventricular pressure (kPa/s)

Maximum rate of fall of; left ventricular pressure (kPa/s)

Before CPB

After CPB

1 h after termination of CPB

2 h after termination of CPB

Before CPB

After CPB

1 h after termination of CPB

2 h after termination of CPB

Before CPB

After CPB

1 h after termination of CPB

2 h after termination of CPB

Before CPB

After CPB

1 h after termination of CPB

2 h after termination of CPB

C

13.04±3.19

11.23±4.64

12.82±3.84

12.13±2.60

2.06±0.90

2.10±0.51

3.75±1.78^∗∗

5.02±1.42^∗∗

328.33±67.67

343.54±142.42

354.03±142.42

339.71±161.71

−204.73±45.43

−103.13±48.33^∗∗

−86.15±42.95^∗∗

−79.41±45.22^∗∗

D1

13.53±1.75

16.12±1.43^∗#

17.22±2.89^∗#

16.42±2.52^∗#

2.10±0.52

2.07±0.39

2.01 ± 0.42^#

2.67±0.60^∗##

322.46±63.08

475.57±78.19^∗∗#

540.11±90.56^∗∗#

584.36±106.78^∗∗##

−224.27±66.57

−155.12±50.12^∗

−146.66±39.75^∗#

−135.10±34.31^∗#

D2

13.73±2.74

16.98±3.0^∗#

16.15±2.06^∗#

16.87±3.07^∗#

1.68±0.51

1.66±0.58

1.94 ± 0.21^#

2.10±0.23^∗##△

361.79±150.29

606.74±247.68^∗∗#

613.37±107.61^∗##

690.20±245.27^∗∗##

−237.43±59.79

−175.66±55.26^#

−182.91±41.07^##

−192.34±45.19^##△

D+K

13.34±3.22

14.64±4.49

14.58±3.21

12.34±2.60

2.03±0.91

2.15±0.39

3.14±0.91^∗∗

3.64±1.23^∗∗

309.61±74.01

463.95±78.33^∗

405.68±139.28

291.85±121.95

−187.26±53.22

−126.55±72.77^∗∗

−122.90±70.88^∗∗

−121.25±80.77^∗∗

D+M

14.81±5.16

13.17±3.13

15.35±4.66

13.92±4.58

1.81±0.97

1.90±0.93

1.97 ± 0.81^#

2.41±0.72^∗##

328.70±88.68

520.61±145.64^∗∗#

599.66±153.12^∗∗#

543.40±114.86^∗∗#

231.89±37.60

178.99±42.89^##

180.00±49.87^##

165.03±47.10^##

Values shown are mean ± SD.
CPB: cardiopulmonary bypass. Compared with that before cardiopulmonary bypass, ^∗𝑃<0.05, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01. Compared with that in Group C at the same time point, ^#𝑃<0.05, ^##𝑃<0.01. ^△𝑃<0.01, Group D1 versus D2 at the same time point.