Differences in Trunk Kinematic between Frail and Nonfrail Elderly Persons during Turn Transition Based on a Smartphone Inertial Sensor

Table 3

Gyroscope-based values from the turning transition (𝑛=30).

	Mean		SD
	Frail (𝑛=14)	Healthy (𝑛=16)	Frail (𝑛=14)	Healthy (𝑛=16)	𝑈	P value
𝑡.stopwatch (s)	5.329	2.815	1.344	2.069	2.000	<0.001
roll.rotation.min (deg)	−172.845	−53.578	12.758	64.308	60.00	0.031
roll.rotation.max (deg)	−5.770	63.360	35.422	97.818	62.00	0.038
rate.yaw.max (deg/s)	26.332	112.810	9.271	147.913	57.00	0.022
rate.yaw.min (deg/s)	−24.486	−52.809	8.867	34.733	49.00	0.009
rate.roll.max (deg/s)	25.508	134.558	14.217	135.523	13.00	<0.001
rate.roll.min (deg/s)	−20.396	−39.884	8.716	27.357	58.00	0.025

Max: maximum; min: minimum; 𝑡: time; s: second; deg: degrees; rate: angular velocity; 𝑈: 𝑈-Mann-Whitney.