2D and 3D Self-Assembling Nanofiber Hydrogels for Cardiomyocyte Culture

Table 1

Properties of the nanofiber hydrogels and the growth of cardiomyocytes on them. Cell attachment, spreading, morphology, viability, detachment, and beating were evaluated and the comparison was always done compared to control (NRCs: uncoated well plate, hESC-CMs: 0.1% gelatin-coated well plate).

(a)  

Nanofiber hydrogel	R1	R2	R3	Fiber surface	Fiber dimensions	2D NRCs	2D hESC-CMs	3D NRCs	3D hESC-CM
1				Hydrophilic, protic	4.2 nm [16]	+++	−	na	+
1 + HyA						+++	+++	++	++

(b)  

Nanofiber hydrogel	R1	R2	Fiber surface	Fiber dimensions	2D NRCs	2D hESC-CMs	3D NRCs	3D hESC-CM
2			Hydrophilic, cationic	nd	na	−	na	na
2 + HyA					+	+	na	na
3			Hydrophilic, protic	13 nm	+++	−	na	na
4			Hydrophilic, protic	13 nm × 50–200 nm	na	+++	+*	+*
5			Hydrophilic, protic	13 nm × 100 nm–3 μm	+++	+	na	na
6		H	Very hydrophobic	nd	+	−	na	na

nd: not defined.
na: not analyzed.
+++: preferable material with as good performance as the control.
++: suitable material with lower performance than the control.
+: sufficient material with inferior performance than the control.
−: unsuitable material because cells did not attach.
*The nanofiber hydrogel degraded too fast.