Clinical Study
Incidence and Risk Factors of Early Delirium after Cardiac Surgery
Table 3
Univariate analysis of postoperative risk factors for delirium development after cardiac surgery.
| | Variable (mean (±SD), or %) | D () | ND () | | Univariate analysis, OR (95% CI) |
| | ICU stay (days) | 5.00 (±22) | 2.60 (±1.10) | 0.000 | 2.27 (1.47–3.50) | | Duration of CMV (h) | 24.31 (±28.35) | 8.78 (±4.77) | 0.000 | 1.18 (1.0–1.31) | | Fluid balance (L) | 4.83 (±2.21) | 3.57 (±1.89) | 0.048 | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) | | Drainage (L) | 0.61 (±0.52) | 0.49 (±0.28) | 0.250 | 0.99 (0.99–1.001) | | Pain intensity (VAS) | 3.75 (±2.42) | 3.28 (±2.21) | 0.509 | 0.91 (0.69–1.20) | | Hb (g/L) | 90.50 (±13.37) | 100.99 (±15.27) | 0.029 | 0.95 (0.91–0.99) | | Hct (%) | 28.45 (±4.03) | 32.85 (±4.63) | 0.054 | 1.15 (0.99–1.33) | | Lactate levels >2.5 mmol/L | 75.00% | 34.30% | 0.010 | 0.17 (0.04–0.71) | | RBC transfusions (unts) | 1.50 (±1.57) | 0.49 (±0.91) | 0.003 | 1.99 (1.20–3.31) | | FFP transfusions (unts) | 0.92 (±2.39) | 0.07 (±0.61) | 0.014 | 1.58 (0.95–2.62) | | Use of inotropes | 100% | 77.60% | 0.064 | 3.73 (—) | | Resternotomy | 16.70% | 1.50% | 0.059 | 13.20 (1.09–159.35) | | Rhythm/conduction disorders | 58.30% | 22.90% | 0.055 | 3.29 (0.93–11.61) | | Low cardiac output | 33.30% | 3.00% | 0.004 | 16.25 (2.56–103.30) | | CNS events | 8.30% | 1.50% | — | — |
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D: delirium; ND: non-delirium; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; ICU: intensive care unit; CMV: controlled mechanical ventilation; VAS: visual analogue scale; Hb: hemoglobin; Hct: hematocrit; RBC: red blood cells; FFP: fresh-frozen plasma; IABC: intraaortic balloon counterpulsation; CNS: central nervous system.
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