A Broader View: Microbial Enzymes and Their Relevance in Industries, Medicine, and Beyond

Table 3

Some important enzymes and their therapeutic importance.

Enzyme	Reaction	Use	Sources	References
Asparaginase	L-Asparagine H2O→L-aspartate + NH3	Leukaemia	E. coli	[82, 83]
Collagenase	Collagen hydrolysis	Skin ulcers	C. perfringens	[84]
Glutaminase	L-Glutamine H2O→L-glutamate + NH3	Leukaemia	E. coli SFL-1	[85, 86]
Lysozyme	Bacterial cell wall hydrolysis	Antibiotic	Homo sapiens	[87, 88]
Ribonuclease	RNA hydrolysis	Antiviral	Yeast and bacteriophages	[89, 90]
Streptokinase	Plasminogen→plasmin	Blood clots	Streptococci sp.	[91]
Trypsin	Protein hydrolysis	Inflammation	Homosapiens and other vertebrates	[92]
Uricase	Urate + O2→ allantoin	Gout	A. flavus	[93, 94]
Urokinase	Plasminogen→plasmin	Blood clots	Bacillus subtilis	[95, 96]
𝛽-Lactamase	𝛽-Lactam ring hydrolysis	Antibiotic resistance	Citrobacter freundii,; Serratia marcescens, and; Klebsiella pneumonia	[97]
Penicillin acylase	Binding the rings of benzylpenicillin (penicillin G) and phenoxymethylpenicillin (penicillin V)	Penicillin production/broad spectrum antibiotic production	Penicillium sp.	[98]