Review Article
Hydroquinone: Environmental Pollution, Toxicity, and Microbial Answers
Table 1
Hydroquinone properties.
| Parameters | | References |
| Other names | Dihydroxybenzene, 1,4-benzenediol, 1,4-dihydroxybenzene, -benzenediol | — |
| Molecular weight | 110.11 g/mol | — |
| | 289 nm | [25] |
| Melting point | 169°C | [26] | 173-174°C | [27] |
| Boiling point | 286°C | [26] | 287°C at 101.3 kPa | [28] |
| Density | 1.300 kg/m3 | [28] | 1.341 kg/m3 | [26] | 1.332 kg/m3 at 15°C | [27] |
| Vapour pressure | 2.34 10−3 Pa at 25°C | [26] | 2.40 10−3 Pa at 25°C | [27] |
| Partition coefficient | 0.50–0.61 | [26] | 0.59 | [28] |
| Water solubility | 73 g/L at 25°C | [26] | 59 g/L at 25°C | [28] |
| pH | 4.0–7.0 | [26] |
| | | [26] | | [28] |
| Dipole moment | 0.0 D | [28] |
| Polarity/polarizability parameter | 0.21 ± 0.02 cm3 | [28] |
| Standard electrode potential of half reaction for benzoquinone and hydroquinone | 0.714 V | [29] |
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