|
Gene | Substrate | Reference | Functional effect | Polymorphism | rs number | Reference |
|
CYP1A1 | TCa (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene dimethylbenz[a]anthracene), 6-nitrochrysene, |
[33] |
Phase I oxidative and reductive | CYP1A1
*2A (m1): T→C substitution at nucleotide 6235 in the noncoding region | — |
[35] |
CYP1A1
*2B (m2): A→G Ile462Val | rs1048943 |
CYP1A1
*3 (m3): T→C substitution at nucleotide 5996 in the noncoding region | — |
CYP1A1
*4 (m4): C→A Thr461Asn | rs1799814 |
|
CYP1B1 | TCa (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene) |
[92] |
Phase I oxidative and reductive | CYP1B1
*3: Val432Leu | rs1056836 |
[101] |
CYP1B1
*2: Arg48Ser | rs1056827 |
CYP1B1
*2: Ala119Ser | rs10012 |
CYP1B1
*4: Asn453Ser | rs1800440 |
|
CYP2D6 | TCa (e.g., nicotine and nitrosamines) |
[126] |
Phase I oxidative and reductive | CYP2D6
*3: (single-base deletion at exon 5, 2549delA) | rs35742686 |
[129] |
CYP2D6
*4: (G1934A) | rs3892097 |
CYP2D6
*5: (leading to gene deletion) | — |
CYP2D6
*6: (single-base deletion at exon 3, 1707delT) | rs5030655 |
|
CYP2E1 | TCa (e.g., nitrosamines) Ethanol | [24, 143, 144] |
Phase I oxidative and reductive | CYP2E1
*5B (c2) (PstI restriction, position: −1019) | — |
[142] |
CYP2E1
*5A (c1) (RsaI restriction, position: −1259) | — |
CYP2E1
*6 (allele D) (DraI restriction, intron 6) | rs6413432 | [149] |
|
NAT1/NAT2 | Arylamines and heterocyclic aromatic amines | [181, 184, 186, 187] | Phase II biotransformation | NAT1
*10: T1088A | rs1057126 |
[188] |
NAT1
*10: C1095A | rs15561 |
NAT2
*5B: Ile114 Thr, NAT2*5B: Lys268Arg | rs1801280 rs1208 |
NAT2
*6A: Arg197Gln | rs1799930 |
|