Research Article

Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Diclofenac Sodium via Conventional Liposomes, Ethosomes, and Transfersomes

Table 2

Stability of prepared vesicles during storage at 4°C and 25°C for three months.

Formulation (code)Particle size (nm)Zeta potential (mV)EE%
InitialAfter 3 monthsInitialAfter 3 monthsInitialAfter 3 months

Liposomal dispersion (F3)
 4°C152 ± 21.3193 ± 23.6−39.2 ± 3.9−40.2 ± 2.142.61 ± 3.6236.2 ± 1.9
 25°C152 ± 21.3219 ± 16.4−39.2 ± 3.9−36.1 ± 0.942.61 ± 3.6232.1 ± 2.6
Ethosomal dispersion (F4)
 4°C202 ± 20.6235 ± 30.1−41.2 ± 2.1−42.3 ± 1.251.72 ± 4.3644.6 ± 1.8
 25°C202 ± 20.6266 ± 8.6−41.2 ± 2.1−39.2 ± 3.151.72 ± 4.3639.9 ± 3.2
Transfersomal dispersion (F5)
 4°C145 ± 6.6189 ± 9.5−38.9 ± 4.1−36.2 ± 1.146.73 ± 5.2142.3 ± 0.9
 25°C145 ± 6.6223 ± 19.2−38.9 ± 4.1−39.2 ± 0.846.73 ± 5.2135.2 ± 1.1
Liposomal gel (F6)
 4°C152 ± 21.3169 ± 10.2−39.2 ± 3.9−39.9 ± 3.242.61 ± 3.6239.5 ± 1.0
 25°C152 ± 21.3182 ± 12.0−39.2 ± 3.9−37.2 ± 2.542.61 ± 3.6238.2 ± 2.6
Ethosomal gel (F7)
 4°C202 ± 20.6221 ± 16.2−41.2 ± 2.1−40.2 ± 1.951.72 ± 4.3646.8 ± 2.4
 25°C202 ± 20.6230 ± 20.0−41.2 ± 2.1−41.1 ± 1.251.72 ± 4.3644.1 ± 1.7
Transfersomal gel (F8)
 4°C145 ± 6.6186 ± 9.2−38.9 ± 4.1−35.2 ± 2.946.73 ± 5.2143.6 ± 2.6
 25°C145 ± 6.6196 ± 11.1−38.9 ± 4.1−38.9 ± 3.146.73 ± 5.2140.3 ± 1.1