Research Article

Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Responses of an Alveolar Epithelial Cell Line to Airborne Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles at the Air-Liquid Interface: A Comparison with Conventional, Submerged Cell-Culture Conditions

Figure 1

Schematic of the two cell exposure models used for studying particle-cell interaction. (a) Exposure at the air-liquid interface (ALI): airborne particles are directly deposited on cells grown at the air-liquid interface. (b) Exposure under submerged conditions: particles were suspended directly in the cell culture medium covering the cells.
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(a) ā€‰ ALI condition
652632.fig.001b
(b) Submerged condition