Review Article

Microenvironment and Radiation Therapy

Table 2

Strategies to overcome radioresistance of hypoxic tumor cells.

StrategiesMechanisms/representative strategies or drugs

Hyperbaric oxygen therapyDirect oxygen delivery to hypoxic regions
Carbogen with nicotinamideDirect oxygen delivery to hypoxic regions/ARCON
Hemoglobin modificationDirect oxygen delivery to hypoxic regions
Nitroimidazole derivativesRadiosensitization by mimicking the effect of oxygen/misonidazole
Hypoxic cytotoxinsCell killing by hydroxyl radicals or an oxidizing radicals/tirapazamine
HIF-1 InhibitorsSuppression of radioresistant phenotype of hypoxic tumor cells/YC-1

Modified figure from [14].