Preexisting High Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in Tunica Media of Saphenous Vein Conduits Is Associated with Unfavorable Long-Term Outcomes after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Table 4
Distribution of negative and positive expressions of MMP-2, TIMP-2, and TIMP-3 in the SV segments obtained from patients who developed the SV graft disease (SVGD (+)) versus individuals without SV graft failure during the follow-up period (SVGD (−)).
Variable
SVGD (+)
SVGD (−)
value
MMP-2
Negative
10 (21.3)
44 (28.8)
0.312
Positive weak
6 (12.8)
54 (35.3)
0.003
Positive moderate
22 (46.8)
43 (28.1)
0.017
Positive strong
9 (19.1)
12 (7.8)
0.027
TIMP-2
Negative
18 (38.3)
32 (20.9)
0.016
Positive weak
10 (21.3)
30 (19.6)
0.802
Positive moderate
13 (27.6)
58 (37.9)
0.199
Positive strong
6 (12.8)
33 (21.6)
0.182
TIMP-3
Negative
26 (55.4)
51 (33.3)
0.007
Positive weak
9 (19.1)
40 (26.1)
0.329
Positive moderate
9 (19.1)
44 (28.8)
0.191
Positive strong
3 (6.4)
18 (11.8)
0.293
Balance in expression of MMP-2 versus TIMPs
MMP-2 versus TIMP-2
MMP-2 TIMP-2
2 (4.3)
47 (30.7)
<0.001
MMP-2 TIMP-2
19 (40.4)
104 (68.0)
<0.001
MMP-2 TIMP-2
26 (55.3)
2 (1.3)
<0.001
MMP-2 versus TIMP-3
MMP-2 TIMP-3
2 (4.3)
32 (20.9)
0.008
MMP-2 TIMP-3
14 (29.8)
115 (75.2)
<0.001
MMP-2 TIMP-3
31 (65.9)
6 (3.9)
<0.001
Variables are presented as the number () with percentages (%). Abbreviations: IRS: immunoreactive score, MMP: metalloproteinase, TIMP: tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase, and SVGD: saphenous vein graft disease.
