BioMed Research International

Research Article

The CULTEX RFS: A Comprehensive Technical Approach for the In Vitro Exposure of Airway Epithelial Cells to the Particulate Matter at the Air-Liquid Interface

Exposure systems for exposing cultivated cells at the air-liquid interface.


Exposure system	Electrostatic precipitation	Cell type	Test atmosphere	Literature

Cultex CG	No	LK004 HFBE-21 CHO-K1 A549 BEAS-2B	Cigarette smoke Diesel exhaust Ozone and nitrogene dioxide Phosgene Volatile organic compounds Pharmaceuticals Trichloramine Fly ash Particles	Aufderheide and Mohr 1999 [12] Ritter et al. 2001 [46] Knebel et al. 2002 [47] Diabaté et al. 2008 [48] Pariselli et al. 2009 [49] Deschl et al. 2011 [50] Schmalz et al. 2011 [51] Wijte et al. 2011 [52] Nara et al. [53] Elihn et al. 2012 [54]

Cultex RFS	Yes	A549 16HBE14o-	Cigarette smoke	Aufderheide et al. 2011 [17]

ALICE	No	A549	Carbon black nanoparticles Zinc oxide nanoparticles Gold nanoparticles	Lenz et al. 2009 [14]

NACIVT	Yes	BEAS-2B Porcine lung macrophages	Secondary organic aerosols Polystyrene particles	Gaschen et al. 2010 [55] Savi et al. 2008 [16]

Vitrocell	No	A549	Laser printer emissions Volatile organic compounds Carbon nanotubes	Tang et al. 2012 [56] Frohlich et al. 2012 [57] Anderson et al. 2010 [58] Gminski et al. 2011 [59]

BAT	No	NCI-H292	Cigarette smoke	Phillips et al. 2005 [35]

EAVES	Yes	A549	Polystyrene particles Diesel exhaust Coarse ambient particles	de Bruijne et al. 2009 [15] Volckens et al. 2009 [60]