Genotoxicity of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Nitro-Derived in Respirable Airborne Particulate Matter Collected from Urban Areas of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil)

Table 2

Induced mutagenic by airborne particulate matter organic extracts (rev/m³).

Site	Month	TA98		YG1021		YG1024
		−S9	+S9	−S9	+S9	−S9	+S9
	August	n.d.^a	15.80 ± 1.40	13.90 ± 0.80	9.50 ± 1.40	38.20 ± 1.60	15.50 ± 1.40
1	September	n.d.^a	13.00 ± 2.10	6.10 ± 1.30	n.d.^a	15.80 ± 2.50	3.40 ± 0.80
	October	n.d.^a	n.d.^a	10.20 ± 1.30	6.40 ± 1.10	2.90 ± 0.60	n.d.^a
	August	17.00 ± 1.90	1.50 ± 0.50	17.30 ± 1.80	5.70 ± 1.60	43.40 ± 8.50	10.70 ± 1.80
2	September	5.70 ± 0.90	n.d.^a	13.90 ± 1.30	6.40 ± 1.24	11.70 ± 2.50	6.00 ± 0.70
	October	n.d.^a	n.d.^a	4.90 ± 0.70	n.d.^a	3.80 ± 0.30	n.d.^a
	August	39.60 ± 11.90	13.00 ± 2.30	4.40 ± 1.90	3.10 ± 0.80	28.30 ± 3.10	2.30 ± 0.80
3	September	56.40 ± 20.60	58.70 ± 11.80	63.00 ± 3.20	26.60 ± 3.90	57.00 ± 6.90	49.30 ± 3.90
	October	9.30 ± 1.80	46.50 ± 4.20	35.40 ± 0.80	18.30 ± 1.80	22.80 ± 2.00	6.00 ± 2.00

1: UERJ; 2: Avenida Brasil; 3: Rebouças tunnel. n.d.^a: not detected. Negative control: DMSO for the mutagenicity assay without S9 mix was TA98, (28 ± 5); YG1021, (20 ± 2); YG1024, (18 ± 4). DMSO for the mutagenicity assay with S9 mix was TA98, (43 ± 3); YG1021, (35 ± 23); YG1024, (18 ± 5). Positive controls for the mutagenicity assay without S9 mix were 4-nitroquinoline oxide (0.5 µg/plate) for TA98, (853 ± 72); YG1021, (719 ± 75); YG1024, (1021 ± 54). Positive controls for the mutagenicity assay with S9 mix were 2-aminofluorene (1 µg/plate) for TA98, (214 ± 42); YG1021, (150 ± 32); YG1024, (219 ± 81).