| | First author | Year | SCI Models | Main graft | Transplantation methods | Pre-differentiation or pretreated | Combination | Tissue sparing | Neuronal regeneration | Axonal regeneration
/remyelination | Sensory function | Motor function | Cavity and/or scare formation | Inflammation | Others |
| | Bottai, [42] | 2010 | T8, contusion
-mice | Mouse ESCs | i.v. | — | — | — | — | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | Decreased nr. of macrophages and neutrophils | — | |
Kumagai, [43] |
2009 | T10, contusion
-mice | Mouse ESCs | Lesion epicenter i. medu. | Neurogenic neurospheres | — | Imp. | No Imp. | No Imp. | — | No Imp. | — | — | No angiogenesis | | Mouse ESCs | Lesion epicenter i. medu. | Gliogenic neurospheres | — | Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | — | Enhanced angiogenesis | | Lowry, [44] | 2008 | T8, dorsal
hemisection-mice | Mouse ESCs | Lesion site and rostral
i. medu. | Endothelial cells/hedgehog
/retinoci acid pre-treated | — | — | Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | — | — | — | | Fujimoto, [45] | 2012 | T10, contusion
-mice | Human iPSCs | Lesion epicenter i. medu. | Neuroepithelial-like stem cells | — | Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | — | — | | Chen, [46] | 2005 | T8, compression
-mice | Primed-hNSCs | Rostral and caudal
i. medu. | L1-transfection | — | Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | — | — | Imp. | — | — | | Cui, [47] | 2011 | T9, compression
-mice | Mouse ESCs | Rostral and caudal
i. medu. | Neuronal differentiation and L1 expression | — | Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | Decreased microglial reaction | — | | Perrin, [48] | 2010 | T9, compression
-rats | Human ESCs | Lesion site, rostral and caudal i. medu. | Ngn2-transfection | — | No Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | — | — | | Hatami, [49] | 2009 | T10, lateral
hemisection-rats | Human ESCs | Lesion site, i. medu. | Differentiated to NPs | Collagen I
scaffold | — | Imp. | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | — | — | | Niapour, [50] | 2012 | T9, contusion-rats | Human ESCs | Lesion epicenter i. medu. | Differentiated to NPs | NPs + rat SCs | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | — | — | | Rossi, [51] | 2010 | C5-C6, contusion
-rats | Human ESCs | ventral horn,
rostral and caudal i. medu. | Differentiated to MPs | — | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | — | — | | Kim, [52] | 2010 | T13, lateral
hemisection-rats | Mouse ESCs | s. i. | GABAergic differentiation | — | — | — | — | Imp. | — | — | — | Increased evoked activity of WDR neurons | | Keirstead, [53] | 2005 | T10, contusion
-rats | Human ESCs | Rostral and caudal
i. medu. | OPCs differentiation | — | No Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | — | — | | Kerr, [54] | 2010 | T9, contusion-rats | Human ESCs | Lesion site,
i. medu. | OPCs differentiation | — | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | Improved electrophysiological activities | | Sharp, [55] | 2010 | C5, contusion-rats | Human ESCs | Rostral and caudal
i. medu. | OPCs differentiation | — | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | Imp. | Imp. | Suppression of acute inflammation | — | | Erceg, [56] | 2010 | T8, complete
transection-rats | Human ESCs | Rostral and caudal
i. medu. | OPCs and MPs differentiation | OPCs + MPs | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | — | — | Improved electrophysiological activities | | Salehi, [57] | 2009 | T9, complete
transection-rats | Human ESCs | Lesion site,
i. medu. | MNs differentiation | MNs + OECs | Imp. | Imp. | Imp. | — | Imp. | Imp. | — | — |
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