Low Serum Concentration of Obestatin as a Predictor of Mortality in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

Table 4

Clinical and biochemical characteristics in 94 prevalent hemodialysis patients, according to obestatin and TNFα ¹.

	Low TNF-α (𝑛=48)		High TNF-α (𝑛=46)		MANOVA^2
	Low Ob. (𝑛=28)	High Ob. (𝑛=20)	Low Ob. (𝑛=19)	High Ob. (𝑛=27)
Obestatin (ng/mL)	4.22±1.8	10.2±2.0	4.19±1.6	10.89±2.6
Age (Y)	63.4±12.5	67.2±9.1	66.3±10.1	63.3±13.1	NS
Gender (men %)^3	61	60	79	52	O, T, O × T
Log vintage (mo)	1.39±0.34	1.42±0.43	1.39±0.48	1.54±0.39	NS
DM (%)^3	57.1	40	52.6	51.9	NS
CVD(%)^3	46.4	60	57.9	44.4	NS
DEI (kcal/kg/d)	24.2±5.2	21.1±4.8	22.7±6.0	23.3±7.5	NS
DPI (g/kg/d)	1.06±0.19	0.93±0.17	0.98±0.21	0.96±0.34	NS
nPNA (g/kg/d)	1.14±0.24	0.99±0.26	0.99±0.27	1.02±0.37	NS
Albumin (g/L)	40.0±2.7	40.3±3.1	38.3±2.9	39.7±2.7	NS
Log IL-6 (pg/mL)	0.66±0.49	0.73±0.44	1.01±0.41	0.86±0.33	NS
Log leptin (ng/mL)	4.29±0.52	4.10±0.73	4.06±0.76	4.39±0.62	NS
BMI (kg/m^2)	27.0±4.6	28.4±4.8	27.9±6.2	29.0±6.1	NS
FMI (kg/m^2)	11.5±4.3	12.3±4.8	10.9±5.3	14.1±3.5	O
FFMI (kg/m^2)	17.5±2.2	17.8±2.1	18.2±2.1	17.6±2.8	NS
ECW/TBW	0.38±0.05	0.40±0.04	0.40±0.05	0.38±0.06	NS

1The low obestatin or TNFα group was defined as obestatin < 7.12 ng/mL or TNFα < 17.75 pg/mL values below the median of distribution.
2Two-factor MANOVA. Significant (𝑃<0.05) effects are given for obestatin (O), TNFα (T), and the interaction obestatin with TNF-α (O × T).
Continuous variables that did not follow a normal distribution (dialysis vintage, interleukin-6, and leptin) were log transformed before their insertion in this model.
3Assessed by 𝜒² test.
TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; Ob: obestatin; DM: diabetes mellitus; CVD: cardiovascular disease in the past; DEI: daily energy intake; DPI: daily protein intake; nPNA: normalized protein nitrogen appearance; IL-6: interleukin-6; BMI: body mass index; ECW/TBW: extracellular water to total body water ratio; FMI: fat mass index; FFMI: fat-free mass index.