Antioxidant and Renoprotective Effects of Spirogyra neglecta (Hassall) Kützing Extract in Experimental Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Table 2

Effects of Spirogyra neglecta extract on general characteristics of T2DM experimental rats.

	ND	ND + SNE1.0	DM	DM + SNE0.25	DM + SNE0.5	DM + SNE1.0	DM + vitamin C
General characteristic
BW (g)	516.0±57.3	493.3±40.3	500.0±48.6	510.0±54.5	515.5±49.6	520.0±49.7	525.0±19.1
KW/BW ratio	4.7±0.5	4.9±0.3	5.0±1.1	4.8±0.7	5.0±0.3	4.3±0.9	6.3±1.9
Plasma parameters
Glucose (mg/dL)	131.0±20.3	124.8±18.3	305.0±58.1^∗	244.4 ± 58.6*	198.0 ± 14.1^#	125.6 ± 24.6^#	277.5 ± 62.5*
Triglyceride (mmol/L)	124.7±11.5	101.6±23.5	266.5±59.3^∗	229.5 ± 17.5*	145.6 ± 48.2^#	156.9 ± 34.5^#	153.5 ± 18.6^#
Insulin (ng/mL)	2.2±0.5	2.0±0.8	1.7±0.5	1.6 ± 0.1	2.3 ± 1.0	1.0 ± 0.4	1.0 ± 0.6
HOMA index	17.9±4.9	16.0±8.2	31.6±11.4^∗	28.8 ± 1.9*	16.2 ± 6.1^#	15.1 ± 7.9^#	38.4 ± 20.1*

Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. from 6 animals per group. BW: body weight, KW: kidney weight, HOMA: homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, *𝑃<0.05 indicates the significant differences from normal (ND), and ^#𝑃<0.05 indicates the significant differences from T2DM rats.