Combined Treatment of Hydroxytyrosol with Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Molecule-2 Prevents TNFα-Induced Vascular Endothelial Cell Dysfunction through NO Production with Subsequent NFκB Inactivation
Figure 6
Effect of combined HT and CORM-2-induced NO production on NFκB activation and cell survival. (a) Serum-starved VECs were treated with 1 mM L-NMMA for 1 h prior to the addition of 50 μM HT and 50 μM CORM-2 in the presence of 2 ng/mL TNFα for 3 h. Phospho-IκBα (Ser32) and phospho-NFκBp65 (Ser536) protein levels were determined using western blotting and normalized to the amount of α-tubulin. Representative data is shown from three independent experiments that yielded similar results. * versus untreated cells. (b) Serum-starved VECs were pretreated with 1 mM L-NMMA for 1 h then incubated with 50 μM HT and 50 μM CORM-2 in the presence of TNFα (10 ng/mL) for 24 h. Cell viability was determined by MTS assay. Data represent the mean ± SD of three different independent experiments (*).
