Influence of Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on Myocardial Strain Assessed by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Table 3

Standard echocardiographic profile of the patients together with speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) data. Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation.

Parameter	PEEP 5 cmH2O (T1)	PEEP 10 cmH2O (T2)	PEEP 15 cmH2O (T3)
Standard echocardiography
Mitral E/A	1.1±0.4	1.1±0.5	0.9±0.3
PAPs	32.8±12.1	38.3±2.9	41.5±7.5
LV-EF (%)	54.6±6.6	52.7±5.7	50.4±6.2
LV-EDD (mm)	45.9±7.6	45.0±5.7	42.5±4.94^#
RV-EDD (mm)	29.9±5.9	38.0±1.4^∗	39.0±0.1^#
LV-EDV (mL)	88.7±18.2	85.5±23.2^∗	78.9±22.5^∗#
LAV (mL)	49.9±15.3	41.2±11.2^∗	40.0±8.5^∗#
LAV/BSA ratio (mL/m^2)	30.5±8.5	24.6±6.8^∗	21.6±5.1^∗#
RAV (mL)	41.9±8.8	37.8±11.0	33.6±9.8^#
MAPSE (mm)	15.1±2.6	14.2±2.5	14.7±1.8
TAPSE (mm)	21.7±2.6	21.8±2.2	19.7±2.4
Speckle tracking echocardiography
LV-LS (%)	−18.3±2.6	−16.8±2.4	−15.2±3.0
LV TPLS (msec)	390.0±36.7	407.2±52.9	393.4±61.9
RV-LS (%)	−20.2±2.1	−19.9±2.9	−16.3±1.2^#
RV TPLS (msec)	377.4±37.5	403.9±53.4	416.7±46.4
LA-PALS (%)	40.2±12.0	35.9±9.1^∗	28.5±7.9^∗#
LA TPLS (msec)	381.6±33.6	394.7±49.4	372.3±62.2
RA-PALS (%)	44.7±8.5	41.5±12.4	35.9±10.7^#
RA TPLS (msec)	388.3±48.5	409.0±56.4	392.4±65.2

E/A ratio: E wave velocity/A wave velocity ratio; PAPs: systolic pulmonary arterial pressure; LV-EF%: left ventricular ejection fraction; LV-EDD: left ventricular end diastolic diameters; RV-EDD: right ventricular end diastolic diameters; LV-EDV: left ventricular end diastolic volume; LAV: left atrial volume; BSA: body surface area; RAV: right atrium volume; MAPSE: mitral annular plane systolic excursion; TAPSE: tricuspidal annular plane systolic excursion; LV-LS: left ventricular longitudinal strain; LV TPLS: left ventricular time to peak longitudinal strain; RV-LS: right ventricular longitudinal strain; RV TPLS: right ventricular time to peak longitudinal strain; LA-PALS: peak left atrial longitudinal strain; LA TPLS time-to-peak left atrial longitudinal strain; RA-PALS: peak right atrial longitudinal strain; RA TPLS: time-to-peak right atrial longitudinal strain. *𝑃<0.05 between the three times (T1, T2, and T3) of the study; ^#𝑃<0.05 between the first (T1) and the third times (T3) of the study.