Effects of Nigella sativa and Lepidium sativum on Cyclosporine Pharmacokinetics

Table 2

Pharmacokinetic parameters of CsA control (alone) and coadministered with Lepidium sativum (mean ± SEM, 𝑛=5).

Parameters	CsA alone (mean ± SEM)	With garden cress (mean ± SEM)
^aC max (ng/mL)	999.76±260.54	984.04±79.42
^bT max (hr)	1.13±0.11	1.75±0.13^∗∗
^cAUC0--24 (ng·hr/mL)	2790.81±541.71	3965.47±609.20
^dAUC0--∞ (ng·hr/mL)	2795.67±542.28	3974.74±606.11
^eKel (hr^−1)	0.44±0.02	0.37±0.03^∗
^f𝑇1/2 (hr)	1.59±0.08	1.96±0.18^∗
^gCL (L/Kg)	12.13±2.04	8.67±1.98
^hMRT (hr)	2.92±0.13	3.49±0.39

∗Significant difference from CsA alone group with 𝑡-test, ^∗𝑃≤0.05, ^∗∗𝑃≤0.01. amaximum blood concentration, btime of peak concentration, carea under the concentration time profile curve until last observation, darea under the concentration time profile curve from time 0 to infinity, eelimination rate constant, fhalf-life, ^gtotalclearance, and hmean residence time (MRT).