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| EO bearing plants | Model system | Major findings/mechanism(s) reported | Reference |
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| Citrus limettioides | Colon cancer (SW480) cells | Apoptosis via caspase-3 activation and inhibition of cox-2 and IL-6, inflammatory proteins | [24] |
|
| Pulicaria jaubertii | Human breast (MCF-7) and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [112] |
|
| Drimys angustifolia Miers and D. brasiliensis | Human bladder carcinoma (T24) and glioblastoma (U-138 MG) cell lines | Apoptosis | [25] |
|
| Boswellia carterii and Commiphora pyracanthoides | Human breast (MCF-7) and hepatocellular (HepG2) and cervical (HeLa), skin (HS-1) and small cell lung (A549) cancers cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [113] |
|
| Cymbopogon citratus and C. nardus | Human breast cancer (MCF-7) and non-tumorigenic (Vero) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [114] |
|
| Tarchonanthus camphoratus | Human embryonic kidney and hepatocellular carcinoma cells | Cytotoxicity | [26] |
|
| Salvia officinalis L. | Human melanoma (A375, M14, and A2058) cell lines | Antiproliferative activity | [115] |
|
| Thymus linearis and T. serpyllum | Human breast (MCF-7), hormone dependent prostate carcinoma (LNCaP) and fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines | Antiproliferative activity | [90] |
|
| Porcelia macrocarpa | Murine melanoma (B16F10-Nex2), human glioblastoma (U87), cervical carcinoma (HeLa), leukemia (HL-60), colon carcinoma (HCT), breast adenocarcinoma (SKBr), and melanoma (A2058); and non-tumorigenic (HFF) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [116] |
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| Thymus fallax | Human colorectal cancer (DLD-1) and mouse fibroblast (L929) cell lines | Cytotoxic to cancer but not to normal fibroblast cells | [117] |
|
| Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch | Human chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), prostate adenocarcinoma (PC3), umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) and cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cell lines | Cytotoxic to cancer but not to normal HUVEC cells | [118] |
|
| Ducrosia anethifolia and D. flabellifolia | Human cancer (K562, LS180 and MCF-7) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [119] |
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| Xylopia frutescens | Ovarian adenocarcinoma (OVCAR-8), bronchoalveolar lung (NCI-H358M) and metastatic prostate carcinoma (PC-3M) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [120] |
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| Annona muricata | Human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [121] |
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| Lippia gracilis | Mouse melanoma (B16-F10), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and chronic myelocytic leukemia (K562) cell lines | G1 phase arrest and apoptosis via caspase-dependent pathway | [22] |
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| Cedrelopsis grevei | Human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [122] |
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| Libanotis transcaucasica | Human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), colon adenocarcinoma (LS180), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and Raji (human B lymphoma) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [123] |
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| Melissa officinalis | Human breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [124] |
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| Satureja intermedia | Human oesophagus squamous cell (KYSE30) and bladder carcinoma (5637) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [125] |
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| Origanum majorana | H1299 and epirubicin-resistant H1299 cell lines | Cytotoxic and induces DNA damage | [101] |
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| Guatteria pogonopus | Ovarian adenocarcinoma (OVCAR-8), bronchoalveolar lung carcinoma (NCIH358M), and metastatic prostate carcinoma (PC-3M) cell lines | Cytotoxic | [126] |
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| Pyrolae herba | Human chondrosarcoma (SW1353) cells | Antitumour activity | [66] |
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| Thymus revolutus | Liver cancer (HepG2) cells | Prooxidant and protective effects | [127] |
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| Origanum onites L. | 5RP7 (c-H-ras transformed rat embryonic fibroblasts) cell lines | Apoptosis | [128] |
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| Capparis spinosa L. | Human colon carcinoma (HT-29) cell line | Inhibition of cell proliferation via G2/M cell cycle arrest | [129] |
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| Artemisia campestris and Thymelaea hirsuta | Colon cancer (HT-29) cells | Antitumour activity | [27] |
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| Lycopus lucidus Turcz. var. hirtus Regel | Human liver (Bel-7402 and HepG2), breast (MDA-MB-435S and ZR-75-30), cervix (HeLa) and human renal adenocarcinoma (ACHN) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [10] |
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| Nigella sativa | Human epithelial (Hep-2) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [130] |
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| Thymus vulgaris | Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) cells | Cytotoxicity | [131] |
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| Aniba rosaeodora | Human epidermoid carcinoma cells (A431), epidermal keratinocytes (HEK001), normal primary epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) and HaCaT cell lines | Apoptosis induction in selective manner | [51] |
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| Boswellia sacra | Human breast cancer (T47D, MCF7, MDA-MB-231) and immortalized normal human breast (MCF10-2A) cell line | Cytotoxic to cancer cells but not to normal cells | [50] |
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| Syzygium aromaticum L | Breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), prostate cancer (DU-145), cervical cancer (HeLa), and Esophageal cancer (TE-13) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [132] |
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| Murraya koenigii | MCF-7, P 388, and HeLa cell lines | Antitumour activity | [133] |
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| Salvia officinalis | Breast cancer (MCF-7) and colon cancer (HCT-116) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [134] |
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| Mentha spicata L., Zingiber officinale, Citrus limon Burm. f., C. paradise Macf., Jasminum grandiflora, lavender, Matricaria chamomilla, Thymus vulgaris, Rosa damascena, and cinnamon | Human prostate carcinoma (PC-3), lung carcinoma (A549), and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [28] |
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| Artemisia lavandulaefolia | Human oral epidermoid carcinoma (KB) cells | Mitochondrial stress and caspase activation mediated apoptosis | [23] |
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| Laurus nobilis, Origanum syriacum, Origanum vulgare, and Salvia triloba | Human breast (MCF7) adenocarcinoma cells | Cytotoxicity | [135] |
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| Schinusmolle L. and Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi | Human breast (MCF-7) cancer cells | Cytotoxicity | [136] |
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| Ocimum viride | Human colorectal adenocarcinoma (COLO 205) cell line | Time and dose-dependent cytotoxicity | [137] |
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| Cinnamomum zeylanicum | Normal rat embryonic fibroblasts (F2408) and c-H-ras transformed rat embryonic fibroblasts (5RP7) cell lines | Cytotoxicity and apoptosis | [138] |
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| Citrus reticulate, C. aurantium, C. limon, and C. aurantium | Ehrlich ascites carcinoma resistant to Endoxan cells | Antitumour activity | [139] |
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| Morus rotunbiloba Koidz | African green monkey kidney (Vero) and human larynx epidermoid carcinoma (Hep2) and colon adenocarcinoma (SW620) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [140] |
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| Amomum tsaoko | Human liver carcinoma (HepG2 and Bel-7402), cervix carcinoma (HeLa), lung carcinoma (A549), gastric adenocarcinoma (SGC-7901), prostate cancer (PC-3), hepatocyte (HL-7702), and umbilical vein endothelial (HUVEC) cell lines | Cytotoxicity to cancer cells but lesser effect on normal cell line | [141] |
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| Salvia pisidica | Hepatoma G2 (HepG2) and H1299 cell lines | Protective effect against H2O2 induced toxicity | [15] |
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| Citrus limon | Human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cells | Antiproliferative activity | [142] |
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| Rosmarinus officinalis | Human breast cancer (MCF-7) and hormone dependent prostate carcinoma (LNCaP) cell lines | Antiproliferative activity | [143] |
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| Hibiscus cannabinus | Ovarian cancer (CaOV3) and colon cancer (HT29) cell lines | Cytotoxicity and apoptosis | [144] |
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| Salvia rubifolia and S. bracteata | Human melanoma (M14) cells | Cytotoxicity | [45] |
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| Croton regelianus | Human leukemia (HL-60), melanoma (MDA-MB-435), brain (SF-295), and colon (HCT-8) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [145] |
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| Citrus aurantifolia | Colon adenocarcinoma (NIH3T3 and SW-480) cells | Apoptosis induction by DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 elevation | [146] |
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| Stachys cretica ssp. vacillans Rech. Fil., S. germanica L., S. hydrophila Boiss., S. nivea, S. palustris. and S. spinosa, | Amelanotic melanoma (C32) and renal cell adenocarcinoma (ACHN) cell lines | Antiproliferative activity | [147] |
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| Cnidium officinale and Ligusticum chuanxion | Mouse skin fibroblast (NIH 3T3) cells | Preventive effect against UVB-induced DNA damage and apoptosis | [65] |
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| Schefflera heptaphylla | Breast cancer (MCF-7), melanoma (A375), and liver cancer (HepG2) cell lines | Anti-proliferative activity | [148] |
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| Lippia alba | Human cervix epithelioid carcinoma cells (HeLa) and African green monkey kidney (Vero) cell lines | Cytotoxic to HeLa but not to nontumorigenic Vero | [149] |
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| Piper gaudichaudianum | Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79 cells) cells | Cytotoxicity | [150] |
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| Citrus reticulate and Pelargonium graveolens | Human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60 and NB4) cell lines | Antiproliferative activity | [151] |
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| Boswellia sp. | Bladder transitional cell carcinoma (J82) and normal human urothelium primary (UROtsa) cell lines | Cytotoxic to carcinoma but not normal cell line | [46] |
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| Salvia libanotica | Isogenic colon cancer (HCT-116 p53+/+ and p53−/−) cell lines | Inhibitory activity | [48] |
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| Cinnamomum osmophloeum | Murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) and human hepatocellular liver carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [152] |
|
| Eucalyptus sideroxylon and Eucalyptus torquata | Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cell lines | Antiproliferative activity | [153] |
|
| Schinus molle | Mouse macrophage (774), mouse breast carcinoma (EMT6), mouse myoblast (C2C12) and human hepatoma (Hep3B and HepG2), bladder Carcinoma (ECV-304), and leukemic (K562) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [154] |
|
| Casearia sylvestris | Human cervical carcinoma (HeLa), lung carcinoma (A549), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), monkey kidney (Vero) cell lines, and mice macrophages | Antitumour but less cytotoxic against Vero and Macrophages | [37] |
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| Curcuma wenyujin | Human hepatoma (HepG2) cell line | Ant-proliferative activity by induction of apoptosis | [68] |
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| Dictamnus dasycarpus | Human breast cancer (MCF-7, ZR-75-30 and MDA-MB-435S), liver carcinoma (Bel-7402 and HepG2), and renal adenocarcinoma (ACHN) cell lines | Antiproliferative activity with more sensitivity towards breast cancer cells | [155] |
|
| Salvia officinalis, Sideritis perfoliata, Satureja thymbra, Laurus nobilis, and Pistacia palaestina | Breast cancer (MCF-7), amelanotic melanoma (C32), renal cell adenocarcinoma (ACHN), and hormone dependent prostrate carcinoma (LNCaP) cell lines | Cytotoxic | [156] |
|
| Juniperus phoenicea | Brain tumour (U251), lung carcinoma cell line (H460), liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2), breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7), and cervix carcinoma (HeLa) | Cytotoxic effects | [157] |
|
| Zanthoxylum rhoifolium Lam | Human cervical carcinoma (HeLa), lung carcinoma (A549), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), monkey kidney (Vero), and mice macrophages cell lines | Cytotoxic to cancer cells but not cytotoxic to Vero and Macrophage cells | [158] |
|
| Thymus broussonetii | Human ovarian adenocarcinoma IGR-OV1 parental OV1/P and its chemoresistant OV1/adriamycin (OV1/ADR), OV1/vincristine (OV1/VCR), and OV1/cisplatin (OV1/CDDP) cell lines | Antitumour in the cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy | [96] |
|
| Photinia serrulata | Human cervical carcinoma (HeLa), lung carcinoma (A-549), and liver carcinoma (Bel-7402) cell lines | Anticancer activity | [159] |
|
| Thymus sp. | Mastocytoma (P815) cell line | Inhibitory effect with carvacrol showing most cytotoxic | [88] |
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| Neem oil | Human (MCF-7) breast cancer cell lines | Slow, nonapoptotic cell death | [160] |
|
| Talauma ovata, Symphyopappus itatiayensis, Myrciaria floribunda, Psidium cattleianum, and Nectandra megapotamica | Breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), colon adenocarcinoma (KM-12), multiple myeloma (RPMI-8226), prostate carcinoma (PC-3), glioblastoma (SF-268), and lung carcinoma (NCI-H460) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [161] |
|
| O. sanctum, C. citratus, Alpiniaofficinarum, L. angustifolia, Vetiveria zizanioides, Z. montanum, P. nigrum, C. nardus, C. longa, O. basilicum, C. hystrix, P. betel, Albizia lebbeck, O. americanum, M. spicata, and Psidium guajava | Human mouth epidermal carcinoma (KB) and murine leukemia (P388) cell lines | Antiproliferative activity | [162] |
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| Pistacia lentiscus var. chia | K562 and B16 cells | Inhibition of growth, survival, and angiogenesis | [163] |
|
| Citrus limon, C. medica, C. sinsensis | Human cervix carcinoma (Hela) and breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines | Cytotoxicity | [164] |
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| Eugenia caryophyllata | Human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL-60), histiocytic lymphoma (U-937), hepatoma (HepG2), human colon cancer (SNU-C5), and Lewis mouse lung carcinoma (3LL) | ROS mediated apoptosis | [165] |
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| Zanthoxylum schinifolium | Human Hepatoma Cells (HepG2) | Apoptosis induction via ROS | [52] |
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| Myrica gale | Human lung carcinoma (A549) and colon adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) | Cytotoxicity | [166] |
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| Abies balsamea | MCF-7, PC-3, A549, DLD-1, M4BEU, and CT-26 | Antitumour activity induced by ROS | [167] |
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| Lavandula stoechas ssp. stoechas | Human epidermoid carcinoma (KB), human breast cancer (BC1), lung cancer (LU1), colon cancer (COL-2), drug-resistant KB (KB-V), mouse leukemia (P-388), hormone-dependent human prostate cancer (LNCaP), and rat glioma (ASK) cell lines | Variable cytotoxicity to all except ASK cell line | [168] |
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