|
Synonyms | Chemical name | Chemical structure, formula name, molecular formula, and formula weight | Producing organisms | Phenotypes controlled | Reference |
|
C4-HSL | N-Butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-butanamid) MF: C8H13NO3; MW: 171.19 | A. hydrophila, A. salmonicida, P. aeruginosa, S. liquefaciens MG1 | Biofilm formation, exoproteases, virulence factor, swimming motility, and biofilm formation | [41, 45, 46, 46] |
|
3-hydroxy-C4-HSL | N-(3-Hydroxybutyryl)-L-homoserine lactone | 3-Hydroxy-N-(2-oxo-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl)-butyramide MF: C8H13NO4; MW: 187.19 | V. harveyi, Xenorhabdus nematophilus | Bioluminescence, polyhydroxybutyrate metabolism, virulence factor, and extracellular lipase | [47–49] |
|
7-3-hydroxy-C4-HSL | N-(3-Hydroxy-7-cis-tetradecenoyl)-L-homoserine lactone | 3-Hydroxy-tetradec-7-enoic acid (2-oxo-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl)-amide MF: H13NO4; MW: 325.44 | Rhodobacter leguminosarum, Rhodococcus sphaeroides | Root nodulation, plasmid transfer | [50–52] |
|
C6-HSL | N-Hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-hexanamide) MF: C10H17NO3; MW: 199.25 | Chromobacterium violaceum, Edwardsiella tarda, Bur. cepacia, S. marcescens SS-1, S. liquefaciens MG1, and P. chlororaphis | Exoenzyme, cyanide, pigment, virulence factor, biofilm formation, pigment prodigiosin, swimming motility, biofilm formation, and phenazine synthesis | [41, 53–59] |
|
3-oxo-C6-HSL | N-(3-Oxo-hexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone | (3-Oxo-N-[(3S)-tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-hexanamide) MF: C10H15NO4; MW: 213.20 | V. fischeri, Enterobacter agglomerans, Erwinia carotovora, and Pectobacterium chrysanthemi | Bioluminescence, virulence factor, swarming motility, exoenzymes, antibiotic carbapenem, and pectinases | [60–63] |
|
3-hydroxy-C6-HSL | N-(3-Hydroxyhexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone | 3-Hydroxy-hexanoic acid (2-oxo-tetrahydro-furan-3-yl)-amide MF: C10H17NO4; MW: 215.25 | V. anguillarum | Regulate the production of C10-HSL via vanRI | [64] |
|
C7-HSL | N-Heptanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-hexanamide) MF: C11H19NO3; MW: 213.30 | Ed. tarda, S. marcescens SS-1 | Virulence factor, pigment prodigiosin | [54, 57] |
|
C8-HSL | N-Octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-octanamide) MF: C12H21NO3; MW: 227.30 | Bur. cepacia, Rho. rubrum | Siderophore production, virulence factor, biofilm formation, photosynthetic membrane production | [55, 56, 65] |
|
3-oxo-C8-HSL | N-(3-Oxo-octanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone | (3-Oxo-N-[(3S)-tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-octanamide) MF: C12H19NO4; MW: 241.30 | Rho. rubrum, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Rhizobium sp.strain NGR234, Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae | Photosynthetic membrane production, conjugal transfer of pTi, and root nodulation/symbiosis | [65–69] |
|
C9-HSL | N-Nonanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-nonanamide) MF: C13H23NO3; MW: 241.30 | Er. carotovora strain SCC 3193 | Virulence factor, swarming motility | [70] |
|
C10-HSL | N-Decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-decanamid) MF: C14H25NO3; MW: 255.35 | Rho. rubrum, Er. carotovora strain SCC 3193, and Bur. vietnamiensis | Photosynthetic membrane production, virulence factor, and exoproteases | [65, 70, 71] |
|
3-oxo-C10-HSL | N-(3-Oxo-decanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone | (3-Oxo-N-[(3S)-tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-decanamid) MF: C14H23NO4; MW: 269.34 | P. aeruginosa, P. putida | Virulence factor, biofilm formation | [46, 72] |
|
C11-HSL | N-Undecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-undecanamide) MF: C15H27NO3; MW: 269.40 | P. aeruginosa strain PAO1 | Virulence factor | [73] |
|
-HSL | N-Dodecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-dodecanamide) MF: ; MW: 283.41 | Klebsiella pneumonia, P. aeruginosa,andSinorhizobium meliloti Rm1021 | Virulence factor, exopolysaccharide production, and symbiotic nodulation development | [46, 74, 75] |
|
3-oxo-C12-HSL | N-(3-Oxo-dodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone | (3-Oxo-N-[(3S)-tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-dodecanamide) MF: C16H27NO4; MW: 297.39 | P. aeruginosa, P. putida, and Rho. rubrum | Biofilm formation, virulence factor, and photosynthetic membrane production | [65, 72, 76–78] |
|
C13-HSL | N-Tridecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-tridecanamide) MF: C17H31NO3; MW: 297.4 | Yersinia pseudotuberculosis | Virulence factor | [79] |
|
C14-HSL | N-Tetradecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-tetradecanamide) MF: C18H33NO3; MW: 311.46 | Y. pseudotuberculosis, Proteus mirabilis | Virulence factor | [79, 80] |
|
3-oxo-C14-HSL | N-(3-Oxo-tetradecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone | (3-Oxo-N-[(3S)-tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-tetradecanamide) MF: C18H31NO4; MW: 325.44 | Rhi. leguminosarum, P. aeruginosa, and Si. meliloti | Root nodulations, virulence factor, and symbiotic nodulation development | [75, 81] |
|
3-oxo-C14: 1-Δ7-cis-(L)-HSL | N-(3-Oxo-tetradec)-7(Z)-enoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (3-Oxo-N-[(3S)-tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-7-tetradecenamide) MF: C18H29NO4; MW: 323.40 | Rhi. leguminosarum | Root nodulation/symbiosis, growth inhibition | [69, 81–83] |
|
C14: 1-Δ9-cis-(L)-HSL | N-cis-Tetradec-9Z-enoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (S,Z)-N-(2-Oxotetrahydrofuran-3-yl)tetradec-9-enamide) MF: C18H31NO3; MW: 309.40 | Ag. vitis | Virulence factor | [84] |
|
C15-HSL | N-Pentadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-pentadecanamide) MF: C19H35NO3; MW: 325.50 | Y. pseudotuberculosis | Virulence factor | [79] |
|
C16-HSL | N-Hexadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-hexadecanamide) MF: C20H37NO3; MW: 339.50 | Rh. capsulatus | Polyhydroxyalkanoates synthesis | [85] |
|
3-oxo-C16-: 1-Δ11-cis-(L)-HSL | N-(3-Oxo-hexadec)-11(Z)-enoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (3-Oxo-N-[(3S)-tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-(11Z)-hexadecanamide) MF: C20H33NO4; MW: 351.50 | Ag. vitis, Si. meliloti | Virulence factor, symbiotic nodulation development | [75, 86] |
|
C18-HSL | N-Octadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-[(3S)-Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl]-octadecanamide) MF: C22H41NO3; MW: 367.70 | Si. meliloti | Symbiotic nodulation development | [75] |
|
C18: 1-Δ9-cis-(L)-HSL | N-cis-Octadec-9Z-enoyl-L-homoserine lactone | (N-(Tetrahydro-2-oxo-3-furanyl)-9Z-octadecanamide) MF: C22H39NO3; MW: 365.60 | Dinoroseobacter shibae |
— | [87] |
|