Cartilage Dysfunction in ALS Patients as Side Effect of Motion Loss: 3D Mechano-Electrochemical Computational Model

Table 1

3D simplified model for healthy cartilage parameters.

Description	Symbol	Value	Refs
Initial thickness of the sample	ℎsam	0.5 mm	[26]
Initial diameter of the sample	0/sam	0.0005 mm	—
Number of mesh elements	NELEM	50	[26]
Number of mesh nodes	NNODES	204	—
Young’s modulus	𝐸	3.85⋅10^5 Pa	[15]
Poisson coefficient	𝜈	0.28	[15]
Drag coefficient between the solid and the water phase	𝛼	7⋅10^14 N·s·m^−4	[26]
Diffusivity of the cations	𝐷^+	5⋅10^−10 m·s^−1	[26]
Diffusivity of the anions	𝐷^−	8⋅10^−10 m·s^−1	[26]
Initial FCD	𝑐^𝐹0	0.2 mEq·mL^−1	[26]
Activity coefficient of cations	𝛾^+	1.0	[26]
Activity coefficient of anions	𝛾^−	1.0	[26]
Gas constant	𝑅	8.314 J·mol^−1·K^−1	[26]
Absolute temperature	𝑇	298 K	[26]
Osmotic coefficient	Φ	1.0	[15]
Initial amount of water in the tissue	Φ^𝑤0	0.75	[26]