Review Article
Provincial Maternal Mortality Surveillance Systems in China
Table 1
Comparisons among PMMSS, NMCMSS, and NMCHRS.
| | PMMSS | NMCMSS | NMCHRS |
| Establishment | Established by the provincial governments at varied time | Established by Ministry of Health (MOH) in 1989 and redesigned in 1996 | Established by MOH in 1980s | Purpose | Monitor provincial maternal mortality level | Monitor national maternal mortality level | Provide national MCH indicators* | Finance | Funded by local provincial finance | Funded by China’s Ministry of Finance | Funded by China’s Ministry of Finance | Methodology | Varied by province (see Table 3) | Population-based stratified cluster random sampling survey | Routine report level by level | Covered population | Cover large population (see Table 3) | Cover about 60 million population (about 5% of China’s population) | Cover entire population of mainland China | Data form | Maternal mortality report cards | Maternal mortality report cards | Routine reporting forms for MCH indicators | Maternal death review | Yes | Yes | No | Main usage of the data | Prepared annual provincial maternal and child health report | Prepared annual national maternal and child health report for the MOH | Prepared annual national MCH indicators* |
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MCH indicators: MMR, infant mortality rate, neonatal mortality rate, rate of birth defects, and so forth.
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