Review Article

Snake Venom L-Amino Acid Oxidases: Trends in Pharmacology and Biochemistry

Table 1

Biochemical profile of L-amino acid oxidase isolated from snake venoms.

ToxinVenomMWpISpecific activityPurification column% of venomReference

CdcLAAOCrotalus  durissus  cumanensis 55 kDa8.0LSephacryl S-200, RP-HPLCND[12]
Cr-LAAOCalloselasma  rhodostoma NDNDNDNDND[13]
Oh-LAAOOphiophagus  hannah 64 kDa*NDM, L, H, K, ISephadex G-100, Q Column, HiTrap Heparin HPND[14]
Lm-LAAOLachesis  muta 60 kDa6.28LSephacryl S100, MonoQND[15]
DrLAODaboia  russelii 63.6 kDaNDLSuperdex 75, Mono Q, Heparin-Sepharose0.9%[16]
Bl-LAAOBothrops  leucurus 57 kDaNDLSephacryl S-200, Sephacryl S-300, DEAE Sepharose CL-6B3.7%[17]
NDOphiophagus  hannah 65 kDaNDNDResource QND[18]
Akbu-LAAOAgkistrodon  blomhoffii  ussuriensis 65 kDaNDLDEAE Sephadex A-50 ion-exchange, Sephadex G-75 gel filtration and C4 reverse phase5%[19]
BmarLAAOBothrops  marajoensis 72 kDaNDNDProtein Pack SP 5PW HPLC, Protein Pack SP 5PW anion exchanger, Superdex 200ND[20]
LAO  B.  caeruleusBungarus  caeruleus 55 kDaNDE, L, M, I, F, RDEAE Cellulose, Sephadex G-10025%[21]
BF-LAAOBungarus  fasciatus 55 kDaNDY, D, F, E, W, H, Q, I, M, LSP-Sepharose HP, Heparin-Sepharose FF0.93%[22]
Bothrops  jararaca  LAAOBothrops  jararaca 38.2 kDa*NDF, Y, L, IMonoQ, Heparin1.1%[23]
Bp-LAAOBothrops  pauloensis 65 kDa*6.3M, L, F,ICM-Sepharose, Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B, Benzamidine Sepharose and C18 RP-HPLCND[24]
BatroxLAAOBothrops  atrox 67 kDa4.4M, L, F, W, Y, I G-75, HPLC-Shodex ES-502N 7C, Lentil Lectin1.54%[25]
BiLAOBothrops  insularis 68 kDaNDNDHPLC AP1, Superdex 75ND[26]
BjarLAAO-IBothrops  jararaca 60 kDa5.0NDSephadex G-75, Benzamidine-Sepharose, Phenyl-SepharoseND[27]
N.  naja oxiana  L-amino  acid  oxidaseNaja  naja  oxiana 57 kDa8.0M, L, F, WSephadex G-50 SF, CM-cellulose CM52, HPS-70.15%[28]
ACTX-8Agkistrodon  acutus 28 kDa8.2NDDEAE Sepharose F. F., Source 30ND[29]
Akbu-LAAOAgkistrodon  blomhoffii  ussurensis 58–60 kDaNDN, F, Y, L, I, WHeparin-Sepharose FF, (Q-Sepharose)1.27%[19]
Vipera  lebetina  LAAOVipera  lebetina 66 kDa** or 
60.9 kDa*
4.5M, W, L, H, F, R, ISephadex G-100, HPS-7, DEAE-cellulose DE52., CM-cellulose CM522.5%.[30]
Casca-LAOCrotalus  durissus  cascavella 68 kDa5.4NDSuperdex 750.28%[31]
BpirLAAOIBothrops  pirajai 66 kDa4.9F, Y, W, L, M, I, V, HSephadex G-75, Benzamidine-Sepharose, Phenyl-Sepharose.ND[32]
V. berus berus  LAAOVipera  berus  berus 59 kDa, or 
57.7** kDa
4.8M, L, F, I, R, HSephadex G-100, DEAE-cellulose, phenyl-agarose1.8%[33]
APITAplysia  punctata 60 kDa4.59K, RSource 15Q 10/40, Superose 12 HR 10/30ND[34]
Balt-LAAO-IBothrops  alternatus 66 kDa5.37F, Y, M, LSepharose-IDA, Phenyl-Sepharose, Sephadex G-1001.0%[35]

Deglycosylated protein. Estimated by MALDI-TOF. ND: not determined.