Epinephrine Enhances the Response of Macrophages under LPS Stimulation
Figure 2
Dose-dependent effect of epinephrine on macrophage secretion under LPS stimulation. The macrophages were pretreated with epinephrine at various concentrations (2 ng/mL, 10 ng/mL, 50 ng/mL, and 100 ng/mL) for 1 hour and then stimulated by 10 ng/mL LPS for another 1 hour. The levels of cytokines including (a) TNFα, (b) IL-1β, (c) IL-6, and (d) IL-10 levels in each group were measured by ELISA. , compared with the 0 ng/mL control group stimulated by LPS only.
