Research Article

Enhanced Amelioration of High-Fat Diet-Induced Fatty Liver by Docosahexaenoic Acid and Lysine Supplementations

Figure 4

Effects of DHA and lysine supplementation on expression of hepatic proinflammatory cytokine and lipid metabolism-associated genes in HFD-fed mice switched to RC. Expression of (a) hepatic proinflammatory genes, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and interleukin-6 (IL-6), (b) hepatic lipid metabolism-associated genes, including acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 (ACC1), sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), and fatty acid synthase (FAS), in the livers, and (c) gonadal adipose tissue acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 (ACC1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and perilipin. Mice were treated as described in Figure 1 and the total RNA was extracted from the tissues and measured by qRT-PCR as described in Section 2. Values were normalized to β-actin mRNA expression in the same sample and expressed as means ± SEM ( ). Different letters indicate statistical significance, .
310981.fig.004a
(a)
310981.fig.004b
(b)
310981.fig.004c
(c)