Assessment of Mutagenic Effect of G. acerosa and S. wightii in S. typhimurium (TA 98, TA 100, and TA 1538 strains) and Evaluation of Their Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effect in Human Mononuclear Cells: A Non-Clinical Study

Table 1

Mutagenic evaluation of BEGA and DMESW by Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium tester strains TA 98, TA 100, and TA 1538.

Treatment	Concentration; (µg/plate)	MR^a; (TA 98)	MR^a; (TA 100)	MR^a; (TA 1538)
BEGA	250	1.24±0.24	0.97±0.12	0.81±0.20
	500	1.21±0.12	0.92±0.07	0.81±0.17
	1000	0.91±0.27	0.94±0.10	0.91±0.45
	2000	0.5±0.24	1.01±0.03	1.13±0.27
	4000	0.5±0.03	0.82±0.18	1.20±0.17
DMESW	250	1.19±0.35	0.97±0.042	0.81±0.16
	500	1.21±0.31	1.19±0.007	1±0.23
	1000	0.56±0.15	1.10±0.35	0.63±0.13
	2000	0.67±0.29	1.00±0.007	0.44±0.12
	4000	0.60±0.07	1.05±0.002	0.84±0.39
Negative control; (distilled water)	40 µL	0.64±0.19	0.87±0.02	0.34±0.07
Positive control	SA—1 µg/plate; 4-NQ—0.11 µg/plate	2.81±0.26^∗∗	3.62±0.53^∗∗	11.31±1.23^∗∗

^aResults were expressed as mean ± SD (𝑛=3). MR: mutagenicity ratio; SA: sodium azide (standard mutagen for TA 100); 4-NQ: 4-nitroquinoline (standard mutagen for TA 98 & TA 1538);
BEGA: benzene extract of G. acerosa.
DMESW: dichloromethane extract of S. wightii.
^∗∗𝑃<0.05.