Effects of Canonical NF-κB Signaling Pathway on the Proliferation and Odonto/Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Stem Cells from Apical Papilla
Figure 4
Odonto/osteogenic differentiation in canonical NF-κB-activated SCAPs. (a) ALP activity of SCAPs in control, activator, MM, and activator + MM groups at days 3, 5, and 7. Values are the means ± SD; ; ; ; . (b) Real-time RT-PCR analysis for odonto/osteogenic genes (BSP, OCN, RUNX2, OSX, DSP, OPN, DSP, and DMP-1) in each group at day 7. (c) Real-time RT-PCR analysis for odonto/osteogenic genes (ALP, BSP, OCN, RUNX2, OSX, DSP, OPN, DSP, and DMP-1) in different groups at day 7. GAPDH served as a housekeeping gene. , ; , ; . (d) Western blot analyses for the odonto/osteogenic proteins (BSP, OCN, RUNX2, OSX, DSP, OPN, DSP, and DMP-1) in different groups at day 3. β-ACTIN served as an internal control. (e) Semiquantitative analysis demonstrated that the expression of BSP, OCN, RUNX2, OSX, DSP, OPN, DSP, and DMP-1 was stronger in NF-κB pathway-activated SCAPs than those in control group at day 3, especially in the presence of mineralization-inducing media. (f) Western blot analyses for the odonto/osteogenic proteins (BSP, OCN, RUNX2, OSX, DSP, OPN, DSP, and DMP-1) in different groups at day 7. β-ACTIN was used as an internal control. (g) Semiquantitative analysis confirmed that the expression of BSP, OCN, RUNX2, OSX, DSP, OPN, DSP, and DMP-1 was upregulated in NF-κB pathway-activated SCAPs at day 7, regardless of the presence or absence of mineralization-inducing media. (h) Alizarin red staining of SCAPs after 14 days of induction in different groups. (i) Quantitative calcium analysis showed that the calcium content in activator and activator + MM groups was significantly higher than the control and MM groups, respectively. Values were described as the means ± SD. ; .
