Assessment of DNA Damage and Telomerase Activity in Exfoliated Urinary Cells as Sensitive and Noninvasive Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer in Ex-Workers of a Rubber Tyres Industry
Table 2
Distribution of studied subjects for age, smoking habits, alcohol intake, drug assumptions, dietary, and statistical analysis of differences.
Variable
Modality
Ex-exposed group ()
Control group ()
Statistical significance of differences among groups
value
Age (years)
60 ± 12 Mean ± SD
57 ± 12 Mean ± SD
Mann Whitney test
Smoking
Nonsmokers
79
52
Chi square test
(8 missing exposed)
Ex-smokers
37
17
2 missing controls
Smokers
35
26
Recent drugs intake
No
127
88
Chi square test
(1 missing exposed)
Yes
31
9
Diagnostic radiation exposure in the last six months