Social and Behavioral Risk Marker Clustering Associated with Biological Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease: NHANES 2001–2004

Table 3

Associations of Sociobehavioral Risk Marker Index (SRI) clustering with coronary heart disease risk factors, NHANES 2001–2004.

	Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors
	Average systolic blood pressure (mmHg)*		Total cholesterol; (mg/dL)^†		HDL cholesterol; (mg/dL)^†		Waist circumference; (cm)		Obese; (yes/no)^‡		Diabetes; (yes/no)
	𝛽^§	95% CI**	𝛽	95% CI	𝛽	95% CI	𝛽	95% CI	OR^††	95% CI	OR	95% CI
Females (𝑛 = 4,673)
SRI = 0^‡‡
Adjusted for age and race	−1.81	−3.34, −0.27	−0.30	−4.26, 3.66	5.34	3.74, 6.94	−4.50	−5.78, −3.21	0.59	0.48, 0.71	0.62	0.44, 0.87
Adjusted for age, race, and SRI individual components	0.88	−1.24, 2.99	−1.02	−6.62, 4.59	1.90	−0.35, 4.16	−2.03	−3.79, −0.27	0.75	0.58, 0.97	0.80	0.51, 1.23
SRI = 1–3	0.00	—	0.00	—	0.00	—	0.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—
SRI = 4
Adjusted for age and race	0.03	−2.41, 2.46	5.25	−2.52, 13.03	−6.09	−9.24, −2.95	0.12	−1.92, 2.16	0.96	0.73, 1.27	1.35	0.89, 2.07
Adjusted for age, race, and SRI individual components	−2.17	−5.20, 0.86	6.00	−3.40, 15.39	−0.35	−4.13, 3.43	−1.44	−3.96, 1.09	0.82	0.58, 1.16	1.07	0.62, 1.85
Males (𝑛 = 4,305)
SRI = 0
Adjusted for age and race	−1.17	−2.55, 0.21	2.06	−2.37, 6.48	2.64	1.41, 3.87	−0.61	−1.78, 0.56	0.97	0.81, 1.17	0.65	0.48, 0.87
Adjusted for age, race, and SRI individual components	0.97	−0.99, 2.92	5.11	−1.42, 11.65	2.71	0.90, 4.52	−1.69	−3.35, −0.03	0.87	0.67, 1.14	0.70	0.47, 1.04
SRI = 1–3	0.00	—	0.00	—	0.00	—	0.00	—	1.00	—	1.00	—
SRI = 4
Adjusted for age and race	0.42	−1.56, 2.40	−2.42	−10.74, 5.90	−0.19	−2.50, 2.11	−1.80	−3.46, −0.14	0.78	0.59, 1.04	0.88	0.60, 1.29
Adjusted for age, race, and SRI individual components	−1.65	−4.17, 0.87	−7.06	−17.33, 3.22	−0.92	−3.76, 1.93	0.28	−1.84, 2.40	1.02	0.71, 1.46	0.78	0.48, 1.27

∗Adjusted for hypertension medication use.
^†Adjusted for cholesterol medication use.
^‡Obesity defined as body mass index ≥30 kg/m² versus <30 kg/m².
§Coefficient for one unit change in the outcome when comparing levels of the Sociobehavioral Risk Index to the referent group.
**95% Confidence Interval.
^††Odds ratio.
^‡‡Sociobehavioral Risk Marker Index (SRI) components include variables for the following: ≤high school diploma/GED versus >high school diploma/GED; met versus did not meet physical activity guidelines; met versus did not meet fruit and vegetable guidelines; smoker versus nonsmoker. Each participant received either a 1 if they had the particular social or behavioral risk marker or a 0 if they did not have the risk marker. The sum of these values produced an index with a range of 0–4, with SRI = 4 indicating having all risk markers (i.e., all unhealthy risk markers) and SRI = 0 indicating that the participant had no risk markers (i.e., all healthy risk markers).