The Influence of Simulated Microgravity on Purinergic Signaling Is Different between Individual Culture and Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cell Coculture

Figure 5

Effect of SMC-Conditioned Medium on EC Proliferation and Migration. To evaluate the EC proliferation, normal DMEM medium, and conditioned medium of SMCs after normal gravity (SMC CM + 1 g) and simulated microgravity (SMC CM + MG), was added for a 24 h and 48 h culture period. The conditioned medium from SMCs after normal gravity showed a decrease of EC numbers after 48 h. SMC-conditioned medium under simulated microgravity inhibited EC proliferation significantly after 24 h and 48 h incubation (a). To evaluate EC migration, ECs were scratched and normal DMEM medium, SMC-conditioned medium under normal gravity and under simulated microgravity was added for a 24 h culture period (b). Conditioned medium from SMCs under simulated microgravity (SMC CM + MG) enhanced EC migration significantly if compared to the normal DMEM medium and SMC-conditioned medium under normal gravity (c).