Nonpharmacological Strategies to Prevent Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury

Table 3

Type of contrast media.

Type	Ionicity	Generic name	Iodine content; (mg/mL)	Osmolality	Viscosity at 20–25°C; (mPa·S)	Viscosity at 37°C; (mPa·S)
HOCM	Ionic monomer	Diatrizoate	300–370	1500–2000	3.3–16.4	1.4–19.5
HOCM	Ionic monomer	Metrizoate	280–370	2100	5–9	2.8–5
HOCM	Ionic monomer	Iothalamate	141–480	600–2400	2–9	1.5–5.0
LOCM	Ionic dimer	Ioxaglate	280–320	600	12–15.7	6–7.5
LOCM	Nonionic monomer	Iohexol	140–350	322–844	2.3–20.4	1.5–10.4
LOCM	Nonionic monomer	Iopamidol	150–370	300–832	2.3–20.9	1.5–9.5
LOCM	Nonionic monomer	Iopromide	150–400	340–880	2.3–22	1.2–12.3
LOCM	Nonionic monomer	Iopentol	150–350	310–810	2.7–26.6	1.7–12.0
LOCM	Nonionic monomer	Iomeprol	150–400	301–730	1.9–27.5	1.4–12.6
IOCM	Nonionic dimer	Iodixanol	270–320	290	12.7–26.6	6.3–11.8
IOCM	Nonionic dimer	Iotrolan	240–300	270–320	6.8–16.4	3.9–8.1

HOCM: high osmolar contrast media, LOCM: low-osmolar contrast media, and IOCM: isoosmolar contrast media.