|
| Flavonoid | Bioavailability | Plant |
|
| Quercetin | Anti-inflammatory [35]
Antihypertensive [40]
Vasodilator effects [41]
Antiobesity [47]
Antihypercholesterolemic and antiatherosclerotic [50] | Morus alba L [48]
Camellia chinensis [53, 54]
Allium fistulosum and Calamus scipionum[54]
Moringa oleifera [17, 55]
Centella asiatica [56]
Hypericum hircinum [57]
Hypericum perforatum [58] |
|
| Kaempferol | Enhances endothelium vasorelaxation [61]
Protective effects against endothelial damage [62]
Reduce oxidative stress [63]
Antiatherosclerotic [65]
Antihyperlipidemic [67] | Moringa oleifera [17, 55]
Centella asiatica [56]
Ginkgo biloba, Equisetum spp., Tilia spp., Sophora japonica, and propolis [60]
Euonymus alatus [68]
Kaempferia galanga L [69] |
|
| Myricetin | Antiplatelet [75]
Cytoprotective effects [76]
Antihypertensive [77]
Antiobesity and antihyperlipidemic [78]
Antiartherosclerotic [80] | Calamus scipronum [54]
Moringa oleifera and Aloe vera [17]
Ampelopsis cantoniensis [79]
Myrica cerifera L [81]
Chrysobalanus icaco L [82] |
|
| Rutin | Anti-inflammatory [86, 87]
Improves capillary fragility and antihypertensive [89]
Suppresses oxidative stress and antiobesity [90]
Antiartherosclerotic [91]
Antihypercholesterolemic [93] | Dimorphandra mollis [93]
Flos hippocastani [94]
Ruta graveolens [95]
Rhus cotinus [96]
Phyllanthus amarus [97] |
|
| Naringenin | Antihypercholesterolemic [104]
Antiatherogenic and antiobesity [106]
Anti-inflammatory [111] | Typha angustata [105]
Solanum lycopersicum and citrus fruits [113, 114]
Mentha aquatica L [115]
Citrus aurantium [116]
Acacia podalyriifolia [117] |
|
| Catechin | Antiplatelet and anti-inflammatory [121–124]
Cardioprotective effects [123]
Antiatherosclerotic [126]
Antihypercholesterolemic [127]
Antihypertensive [128] | Camellia sinensis [123, 125–130]
Betula pubescens and Betula pendula [131]
Cocos nucifera [132]
Argania spinosa [133]
Cassia fistula [134] |
|
| Fisetin | Antioxidative [136]
Anti-inflammatory [137]
Antiproliferative [139]
Antiobesity [142]
Antiatherosclerotic [80] | Butea frondosa, Gleditsia triacanthos, and Quebracho colorado [146]
Curcuma longa [147]
Rhus verniciflua [148]
Acacia greggii and Acacia berlandieri [149] |
|
| Gossypetin | Suppresses LDL oxidation [143]
Reduces oxidative stress [150]
Antihyperlipidemic [150]
Antiatherosclerotic [151] | Hibiscus spp. [151]
Hibiscus sabdariffa [150]
Hibiscus vitifolius, Hibiscus esculentus, Empetrum nigrum, and Acacia constricta [152]
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, Fremontia californica, Thespesia populnea, and Fagonia cretica [153] |
|
