Libidibia ferrea Mature Seeds Promote Antinociceptive Effect by Peripheral and Central Pathway: Possible Involvement of Opioid and Cholinergic Receptors

Figure 4

Effect of the LPLF (p.o.) and indomethacin (i.p.) given, against the early phase (0–5 min, panel (a)) or late phase (15–30 min, panel (b)) of formalin-induced nociception in mice. Each column represents the mean ± S.E.M. of 10 animals. Column C indicates the control values (animals injected with saline, 10 mL/kg) and the asterisks denote the significance levels in comparison with control groups, *𝑃<0.05, **𝑃<0.01, ***𝑃<0.001, compared to control group, Tukey’s multiple comparison test.

(a)

(b)