Review Article
Blood Biomarkers for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: Myth or Reality?
Table 3
Blood biomarkers related to endocrinology and metabolism.
| Biomarker | ALS | Controls | Finding | Reference |
| Angiogenin | 79 | 72H | High serum level High level in limb versus bulbar onset | [69] | Apolipoprotein E | 403 | 1091ND | Plasma level correlated with progression and survival | [70] | CNTF | 36 | 13H 30ND | High serum level | [71] | Creatine kinase | 30 | ā | High serum level in limb versus bulbar onset | [72] | Endoglin | 25 | 25H | Low serum level | [73] | IGF | 28 | 28H 41ND | High serum level | [74] | IGFBP-1 | 28 | 28H 41ND | Low serum level | [74] | LDL/HDL ratio | 286 | 369H | High plasma level Correlated with survival | [75] | N-acetylaspartate | 112 | 51H | High serum level Correlated with progression | [76] | Transglutaminase | 17 | 21ND | Serum activity correlated with disease status | [77] |
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H: healthy; ND: neurological/neurodegenerative disease; CNTF: ciliary neurotrophic factor; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; IGF: insulin-like growth factor; IGFBP: insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1; LDL: low-density lipoprotein.
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